1 / 22

American Pageant

American Pageant. Chapter 10 “Launching the New Ship of State”. I. Growing Pains. Growing Population -4 million in 1790 -doubling every 25 years -90% rural -growing cities -5% lived east of Appalachia. II. Washington for President. 1789-Washington unanimously elected President

kobe
Download Presentation

American Pageant

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. American Pageant Chapter 10 “Launching the New Ship of State”

  2. I. Growing Pains • Growing Population -4 million in 1790 -doubling every 25 years -90% rural -growing cities -5% lived east of Appalachia

  3. II. Washington for President • 1789-Washington unanimously elected President • Based on character-not politics • Temporary capital-NYC D) 3 Cabinet members -Sec. of State—Thomas Jefferson -Sec. of Treasury-Alexander Hamilton -Sec. of War-Henry Knox

  4. III. The Bill of Rights • States adopted Constitution-Bill of Rights would be added • James Madison-led it through Congress • Include individual liberties, rights in judicial system and protection of states’ rights • Judiciary Act of 1789-created Supreme Court, federal and circuit courts, and office of attorney general

  5. III. Hamilton Receives the Corpse of Public Credit • Alexander Hamilton -British West Indies (from) -Loved country (not countrymen) -Put hands in affairs of other depts. -Attract state financiers-trickle down effect B) Objectives -improve national credit -Funding at par-federal gov’t would pay debts at face value -assumption-Congress would pay for debts of the states (war for independence) -MA- ecstatic (large debt) -VA-not happy (obliged-gained DC)

  6. IV. Customs Duties and Excise Taxes • Raise $ to pay for $75 million debt • Tariff-8% on imported goods (Hamilton-Ind. Rev will come!) • Excise Tax-7 cents on a gallon of whiskey

  7. V. Hamilton Battles Jefferson for a Bank • Hamilton-proposed a national bank -gov’t would be major stockholder -federal surpluses-deposited -funds would stimulate business -print paper money B) Jefferson-NO!! -no authority in Constitution (state’s rights) -Congress cannot charter banks

  8. C) Hamilton-YES! -necessary and proper to overpower states D) Bank of the United States -1791-chartered for 20 years -Philadelphia-$10 capital-1/5 by fed. Gov. -many purchased stock

  9. VI. Mutinous Moonshiners in Pennsylvania • Whiskey Rebellion -pioneers-excise tax against frivolous luxury -whiskey poles- “liberty and no excise” -tarred and feathered revenue officers B) Gov’t Reaction -13,000 troops went in -put down rebellion -showed strength of federal gov’t

  10. VII. Emergence of Political Parties • Hamilton (Federalists) -financial success and gov’t power -infringed on states’ rights B) Jefferson and Madison (Democrat-Republicans) -against central issues of Hamilton C) Debut-no parties (national unity)-no long term parties envisioned

  11. VIII. The Impact of the French Revolution • 1789-French rose up against Monarchy-proclaimed a republic! (Second Phase of American Revolution?) B) Federalists-fearing change-strong gov’t collapsed? C) Jeffersonians- “blood drinking cannibals” in the Reign of Terror—knock against federalists D) Major European War-What to do?

  12. IX. Washington's Neutrality Proclamation • Jeffersonians-align with France-alliance of 1778 • Federalists-remain neutral • Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 -proclaimed neutrality-led to isolationist policy -Washington-feeble army, disunited country, weak economy…do not need war D) Genêt-French representative-thought US was fully supporting France-tried to get military action-was replaced

  13. X. Embroilments with Britain • Britain-running posts on American soil in frontier (against treaty of 1783) -selling guns to Miami tribes for fur -hoping to use natives to hold back Americans B) Little Turtle-killed hundreds of soldiers C) 1794-Battle of Fallen Timbers-General Wayne crushed Miami tribes-British refused to shelter them D) Treaty of Greenville-tribes gave up land, received $20,000 and $9k a year, right to hunt on lands E) British-struck 300 ships in West Indies-used impressment, etc.. -Jeffersonian-declare war (bad economic move)

  14. XI. Jay’s Treaty and Washington’s Farewell • John Jay-sent to GB to settle disputes -Hamilton warned GB of bargaining B) Jay’s Treaty -GB-leave posts, stop supplying Indians with guns, and pay for ships -USA-pay for merchant ships during war and pay for war debt still owed -Jeffersonians-outraged!

  15. C) Pinckney’s Treaty-Spain-granted Americans navigation of Mississippi, warehouse rights in New Orleans and large disputed territory D) Washington’s Farewell Address -warned of “permanent alliances” E) Washington’s legacy -2 term precedent -fiscal stability -stay clear of foreign wars -stay clear of political parties

  16. XII. John Adams Becomes President • 1796 Election John Adams-VP of Washington Thomas Jefferson-Democrat-Republicans Federalist-”fire eating salamanders”-TJ B) John Adams-71 to 68 vote TJ-Vice President (repelled by 12th amend) C) Adams -stern principles, stubborn devotion -no appeal; learned -hated by Hamilton (resigned in 1795) -quarrel with France

  17. XIII. Unofficial Fighting with France • France-mad at Jay Treaty (against alliance) -attacked merchant ships in West Indies B) Adams-Sent John Marshall and 2 other diplomats to France -Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-charge $250,000 for a meeting with “X, Y, and Z” C) XYZ Affair -refused to pay -national heroes D) Navy Department expanded and Marines reestablished -attacked French ships

  18. XIV. Adams Puts Patriotism Above Party • Talleyrand-does not need a new enemy-accept diplomat gracefully • Adams-will send (outraged Hamilton) • Napoleon rose to power D) Convention of 1800 -alliance was over -America pay its damage of merchant ships

  19. XV. The Federalist Witch Hunt • Anti-French frenzy-pass laws! B) Alien Laws-targeted undesirable immigrants -deport foreigners in peace; deport or imprison in war -raised citizenship from 5 to 14 years C) Sedition Act -illegal to impede gov’t or defame officials -shut Jeffersonian mouths and presses -Congressional elections of 98-99, Federalist sweep

  20. XVI. The Virginia (Madison) and Kentucky (Jefferson) Resolutions • Virginia and Kentucky resolutions -stated Federal gov’t overstepped constitution -most states did not fall into line -more or less campaign documents -South would use them for secession

  21. XVII. Federalist versus Democratic-Republicans • Federalists -those who own, should govern -strong central gov’t with power -support private enterprise, not interfere -tariffs to protect industry -restrictions on speech and press -expand for commercial use -Pro Britain -Alexander Hamilton

  22. B) Democratic-Republicans -rule by masses -weak central gov’t -pro states’ rights -state banks -support all people including poor -pro France -Thomas Jefferson

More Related