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The Quantum Mechanical Model. Energy is quantized. It comes in chunks. A quanta is the amount of energy needed to move from one energy level to another. Since the energy of an atom is never “in between” there must be a quantum leap in energy.
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The Quantum Mechanical Model • Energy is quantized. It comes in chunks. • A quanta is the amount of energy needed to move from one energy level to another. • Since the energy of an atom is never “in between” there must be a quantum leap in energy. • Erwin Schrodinger derived an equation that described the energy and position of the electrons in an atom
The Quantum Mechanical Model • The quantum mechanical model is a mathematical solution • It is not like anything you can see.
The Quantum Mechanical Model • Has energy levels for electrons. • Orbits are not circular. • It can only tell us the probability of finding an electron a certain distance from the nucleus.
QM model - Modern View • The atom is mostly empty space • Two regions 1. Nucleus- protons and neutrons 2. Electron cloud- region where you might find an electron
Other particles • Proton - positively charged pieces 1840 times heavier than the electron – by E. Goldstein • Neutron - no charge but the same mass as a proton – by J. Chadwick
Subatomic particles Actual mass (g) Relative mass Name Symbol Charge Electron e- -1 1 9.11 x 10-28 Proton p+ +1 1840 1.67 x 10-24 Neutron n0 0 1840 1.67 x 10-24
Size of an atom Nucleus tiny compared to atom If the atom was the size of a football stadium, the nucleus would be the size of a marble.
