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Social Culture & Change

Social Culture & Change. Unit 9. Sources of Social Change. Environment Natural Disasters Population Birth rates Death rates Subcultures. Sources of Social Change. Technology Technological Determinism Automation Cultural lag Cultural Innovation Discovery Invention Diffusion.

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Social Culture & Change

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  1. Social Culture & Change Unit 9

  2. Sources of Social Change • Environment • Natural Disasters • Population • Birth rates • Death rates • Subcultures

  3. Sources of Social Change • Technology • Technological Determinism • Automation • Cultural lag • Cultural Innovation • Discovery • Invention • Diffusion

  4. Sources of Social Change • Modernization • Industrialization • Urbanization • Bureaucratization • Convergence Theory

  5. Sources of Social Change • Human Interactions • Human action • Collective behavior • Environmental Factors • Lack of Norms • Relative Deprivation • Breakdown of Social Control • Social movement

  6. Sources of Social Change • Global Development • Developed countries = rich • Undeveloped countries = poor

  7. Theories of Social Change • Sociocultural Evolution Theory • Mutilinear • Simple to Complex • Cyclical Theory • Spengler: Society as an organism • Toynbee: Society as a response to a challenge • Sorokin: Sensate (gratification) and Ideational (faith) societies

  8. Theories of Social Change • Functionalist • Emile Durkheim • Talcott Parsons • Equilibrium Theory • Conflict • Karl Marx • Interactionist • Erving Goffman • Dramaturgical

  9. World System Model • World System • Colonial System • Imperialism • Neocolonialism • Multinational Corporations

  10. Social Change • Revolution • Collective Behavior • Neil Smelser’s 6 Conditions Triggering Collective Behavior • Structural Conductiveness • Structural Strain • Generalized Belief • Precipitating Factors • Mobilization of Participants toward Action • Social Control

  11. Group Behavior • Crowds • Casual Crowd • Conventional Crowd • Expressive Crowd • Solidaristic Crowd • Active Crowd • Mob • Riot

  12. Group Behavior • Gustave le Bon • Contagion Theory • Invincibility • Suggestibility • Lewis Killian • Emergent-Norm Theory

  13. Mass Behavior • Diffuse Crowds • Mass Behavior • Panic • Mass Hysteria • Disaster Behavior • Fashion • Fads • Crazes

  14. Collective Communication • Mass Media • Technological Development • Cell phone • Email • Txtng ur bff • Negative Communication • Rumor • Gossip

  15. Collective Communication • Neutral Communication • Public Communication • Opinion Leaders • Propaganda • Urban Legends

  16. Social Movements • 4 Primary Social Movements • Reform Movements • Revolutionary Movements • Resistance (Regressive) Movements • Expressive (Utopian) Movements

  17. Social Movements • The 4 Stage Life Course • Preliminary Stage • Popular Stage (Legitimization) • Formal Organizational Stage (Bureaucratization) • Institutional Stage

  18. Terrorism • Terrorism • State Terrorism • Revolutionary Terrorism

  19. Theories of Social Movement • Psychological Theories • Social movements as deviance • Strain Theories • Deprivation • Resource Mobilization Theories • John McCarthy & Mayer Zald

  20. Population Counts • Population • Census • Vital Statistics • Population Projections • Population Forecasts • Population Composition • Gender Ratio • Racial Ratio • Educational Ratio • SES Ratio

  21. Population Growth • 3 Factors to Population Growth • Fertility (birth) Rates • Mortality (death) Rates • Age-specific death rates • Neonatal & infant mortality rates • Migration (attrition) Rates • International • Internal • Immigration • Emmigration

  22. Population Growth • Life Span • Life Expectancy • Population Growth • Demographic Transition Theory • High Birth/High Death • High Birth/Low Death • Low Birth/Low Death • Zero Population Growth

  23. Population Control • Family Planning • Antinatalism • Economic Incentives • Economic Improvements

  24. Urbanization • Urbanization • Metropolis • City • Suburb • Rural • Megalopolis • Edge Cities • Gentrification into low SES areas

  25. Urbanization • Herbert Gains: 5 Major Groups in Cities • Cosmopolites • Unmarried & Childless • Ethnic Villagers • The Deprived • The Trapped

  26. Urban Ecology • Urban Ecology • Ecological Segregation • Invasion & Succession • Ernest Burgess • Concentric Zone Model • Social Area Analysis

  27. Urban Theory • Ferdinand Tonnies • Gemeinschaft • Gesellischaft • Louis Wirth • 3 Characteristics of Cities: Size, Population Density, and Social Diversity’ • Herbert Gans • Suburban culture a product of status & class

  28. Social Conflict • War vs Peace • Arms Race • Nuclear War • War on Terror

  29. Social Conflict • Nuclear War • 4 Principle (Immediate) Effects • Electromagnetic Pulse • Explosive Blast (pressure jump) • Excessive Heat • Direct Radiation • Long-Term Effects • Fallout • Early Fallout • Delayed Fallout

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