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Forms of Government

Forms of Government. “Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others” . Classifying Governments. What is the best form of government? No two governments are alike Arise out of particular needs . Three Classifications . Who can participate in governing process

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Forms of Government

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  1. Forms of Government “Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others”

  2. Classifying Governments • What is the best form of government? • No two governments are alike • Arise out of particular needs

  3. Three Classifications • Who can participate in governing process • Geographic distribution of governmental power within the state • Relationship between legislative and executive branch

  4. Who can participate? • One of the most important classifications • Lets consider two basic forms • Democracies • Dictatorships

  5. Democracy • Can be direct or indirect • Direct: will of people translates into public policy • New England town meetings • Does not exist on National level anywhere • Indirect: Group of people chosen by population express the popular will • Representative democracy, Republic • America, Ancient Rome

  6. Democracy • Americans use term democracy, republic, representative democracy, and republican form of government interchangeably. • Each of the above are a different form of government • In democracy bottom line is that the people are sovereign

  7. Dictatorship • Rulers not held responsible to will of the people • Oldest form of government in the world • Can be an autocracy, or an oligarchy

  8. Dictatorship • Autocracy • Single person holds unlimited political power • Oligarchy • Political power held by small elite group • All are authoritarian • Absolute power over the people • Totalitarian: complete power over human affairs

  9. Dictatorship • Militaristic in general • Usually gain control through force • Illusion • Often hold elections • Multiple government bodies

  10. Geographic Distribution of Power • Power to govern is located in multiple places • Three basic models • Unitary • Federal • Confederate

  11. Unitary Government • Centralized government • Central government creates local units • British government is perfect example • Parliament holds the power • Creates smaller government organizations to help

  12. Federal Government • Powers divided between central and local governments • Authority superior to both governments creates the division of powers • Modern US, Australia, Canada, Mexico, etc

  13. Confederate Government • Alliance of independent states • Central government has limited power • Allows states to maintain identity but come together for common good • EU is best modern example. CSA, Iroquois

  14. Relation: Legislative—Executive • Another way to examine roles of government • Presidential and Parliamentary

  15. Presidential Government • Executive and legislative separate and coequal • Have separate powers over one another • Invented by the US

  16. Parliamentary Government • Executive is prime minister and that officials cabinet • PM and cabinet are part of legislator • PM is chosen by most powerful group of parliament • Executive is part of legislator and under its control

  17. Parliamentary Government • PM only keeps control with confidence of parliament • Vote of no confidence • Can remove PM or reset all of parliament • Parliament can avoid deadlock with this structure • Checks and balances non existent

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