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等差級數

等差級數. 在著名數學家高斯年幼的時候,他的老師出了一條與下題相似的題目 :. 計算 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 100 。. 1 + 100 = 101 2 + 99 = 101 … 50 + 51 = 101. 這裏共有 50 對 。. 1 + 2 + … + 100. = 50 × 101. = 5050. 高斯發現了一個快捷的方法來解這個問題 。. 對於一個等差數列 T (1), T (2), T (3), …, T ( n ) ,級數 T (1) + T (2) + T (3) + … + T ( n ) 稱為 等差級數 。.

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等差級數

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  1. 等差級數

  2. 在著名數學家高斯年幼的時候,他的老師出了一條與下題相似的題目:在著名數學家高斯年幼的時候,他的老師出了一條與下題相似的題目: 計算 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 100。

  3. 1 + 100 = 101 2 + 99 = 101 … 50 + 51 = 101 這裏共有 50 對。 1 + 2 + … + 100 = 50 × 101 = 5050 高斯發現了一個快捷的方法來解這個問題。

  4. 對於一個等差數列 T(1), T(2), T(3), …, T(n),級數 T(1) + T(2) + T(3) + … + T(n) 稱為等差級數。 我們可根據以上方法推導出一個計算下列等差級數首 n項之和的公式: a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) + … + [a + (n – 1)d], 我們以 l表示該數列的末項, l = a +(n – 1)d

  5. S(n) = l + (l – d) + (l – 2d) + … + (a + d) + a +) 2S(n) = (a + l) + (a + l) + (a + l) + … + (a + l) + (a + l) S(n) = a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) + … + (l – d) + l 即 2S(n) =n(a + l) ∵ l =a + (n – 1)d

  6. 其中 a是首項,而 l是末項。 其中 a是首項, d是公差及 n是項數。 我們可得:

  7. a = 1, d = 2 – 1 = 1, l = 100 ∵ 課堂研習 求等差級數 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + … + 100 各項之和。

  8. = 課堂研習 已知一個等差級數: 5 + 2 + (–1) + (–4) + … (a) 求第 10 項。 (b) 求首 10 項之和。 (c) 求第 11 項至第 20 項之和。 (a) ∵ d = 2 – 5 = –3 ∴ T(10) = 5 + (10 – 1)(–3)

  9. (b) S(10) = = (c) S(20) = = –470 – (–85) = = –470 ∴ T(11) + T(12) + … + T(20) = S(20) – S(10)

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