GOVERNMENT SYSTEM

1. GOVERNMENT SYSTEM Why do we need it?

2. What would a world be like without rules? • No ways to establish order and ensure justice, life would be chaotic

3. What is the Purpose of Government? 1st– Protect the lives, liberty, and property of members of the community 2nd– Provide services, that individuals usually cannot do for themselves

4. How does government protect the lives, liberty, and property of members of the community? • Make, enforce, and interpret laws • Legislative, executive, and judicial powers

5. What services, that individuals usually cannot do for themselves, does a government provide? • Education • Building roads • What other goods or services does the government provide? Defense, police, public education, postal services, public television, fire protection, parks, and schools The goods and services that are provided by the government are called public goods and services.

6. Types of Government Monarchy Dictatorship Communism Democracy

7. Monarchy • First emerged when one strong leader seized control by force, popularity, or dependability. • Hereditary Ruler • When ruler dies, power is automatically passes to one of the monarch’s children or close relative, power is inherited • A few people participate in government by advising the monarch (Older forms of monarchy)

8. Monarchy • Older forms of monarchy, the king or queen claimed absolute power over the people • Often claimed to hold power by “divine right”– or the will of God • Common people had no rights or freedoms, except those allowed by the monarch

9. Monarchy • England 1215, King John signed Magna Carta, limiting the king’s power in England. • Gave citizens: • Freedom from prison, except after a trial by jury or according to the laws of the land • Protection of their property • Right not to be heavily taxed by the king • Magna Carta greatly influenced the Constituition of the United States of America

10. Monarchy • Constitutional Monarchy • Share power with elected legislature (government) • People have protected rights • Ex.) Great Britian has a hereditary monarch and an elected Parliament • The monarch serves as a symbolic head of state and elected officials in Parliament govern the country

11. Democracy • Comes from the Greek word that means “rule by the people” • Government authority is based on the people’s consent • Vote on issues directly or elect representatives who will make decisions for them • People have certain individual rights • Freedom of speech and religion • Peacefully assemble • Fair trial • Vote

12. Democracy • Direct Democracy • People vote directly on issues facing their community or society • Ex.) Ancient Athens citizens assembled and voted directly on issues affecting their city-states.

13. Democracy • Representative Democracy • People elect representatives from their social groups to assemble and make decisions for them. • Ex.) In the U.S., each state elects representatives to meet in Congress to make decisions for them.

14. Dictatorship • System of government that a single person or a small group of people uses complete power over others. • Seizes power by force or can be elected. • Dictators are free to do as they please, laws do not apply to them. • Citizens have very little or no influence in government policies Julius Caesar was a dictator of ancient Rome. Romans appointed a dictator during times of war and expected them to give up power when it was over. How do you think that turned out?

15. Dictatorship These brutal dictators used their unlimited and uncontrolled power to force their views onto the people. Those who spoke out against them were sent to concentration camps or killed.

16. Communism • Government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country • Leaders take power by force or elected by the Communist Party or Communist leader • Citizens do not elect them • People often have restricted rights and very little freedom.