1 / 14

ANALYZING ARGUMENT

ANALYZING ARGUMENT. CLAIMS: Main points in the argument Conclusions of the speaker/writer Claim is what the argument asserts or seeks to prove. Claim answers the Q, What is your point? In an argumentative speech/essay, the claim is the speaker’s main idea or thesis. 3 TYPES OF CLAIMS :

kiara
Download Presentation

ANALYZING ARGUMENT

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ANALYZING ARGUMENT

  2. CLAIMS: • Main points in the argument • Conclusions of the speaker/writer • Claim is what the argument asserts or seeks to prove. • Claim answers the Q, What is your point? • In an argumentative speech/essay, the claim is the speaker’s main idea or thesis.

  3. 3 TYPES OF CLAIMS: • CLAIMS OF FACT • CLAIMS OF POLICY • CLAIMS OF VALUE/JUDGEMENT CLAIMS OF FACT Facts usually support claims, but we do argue over some facts. • historians argue over what happened in the past. • Historians argue over the significance of what happened. • Scientists also argue over facts—how to classify an unearthed fossil, or whether the fossil indicates that the animal had feathers. • Predictions re: future events may also be classified as claims of fact “The U. S will win the most gold medals at the 2014 Olympics.” “ I will get an A on tomorrow’s psychology test.” “Mitt Romney will win the Republican primaries in Florida tomorrow.”

  4. CLAIMS OF POLICY • Claims about what should or should not happen. • What govt ought or ought not to do • How to best solve social problems • Claims of policy are debated: college rules, state gun laws, U.S aid to foreign countries. “college newspapers should not be controlled by college authorities.” “colleges should not raise tuition costs for students.” “ The U.S should not have laws banning…”

  5. Claims of policy also reflect morals or political philosophy • Claim of policy must also be feasible and realistic CLAIMS OF VALUE: • Include moral, ethical, and aesthetic judgments • These claims use words like good or bad, better or worse, and right or wrong etc.

  6. “ Little Women is one of the most significant novels in American Literature” “ If the mother’s life is in danger, abortion is justifiable” “ Senior citizens should be provided with social security and Medicare.” “Students with disabilities should have reasonable accommodations in college education.” “It is better to buy a used car than to spend $ on a new one.”

  7. Claims of value and judgment are opinions based on beliefs, philosophical concepts, or personal preferences “ No more than 16 students should be enrolled in any English class.” “Cigarette ads should be eliminated, and the federal govt should develop an antismoking campaign.”

  8. CLAIMS OF JUDGMENT Judgments are opinions based on values, beliefs, or philosophical concepts Like value claims, judgments deal with right/wrong, good/bad, better/worse, and should/should not. Only difference---value claims deal with moral, ethical, and aesthetics while judgments may not necessarily deal with morality and ethics.

  9. EVIDENCE/SUPPORTS FOR CLAIMS: Grounds: reasons, data, or evidence provided in support of a claim • The word grounds include all the above + logic, specific examples, or statistics. • We determine the grounds of an argument by asking the Q, Why do you think that? Or How do you know that? • In your own argument, ask yourself these Qs and answer them using a because clause. “Smoking should be banned in restaurants because secondhand smoke is a serious health hazard.”

  10. VISUAL ARGUMENTS Visual arguments include the following: • Print ads • Photographs • Bumper stickers • Web sites • Billboards Visuals can make various claims: value, judgment, policy, etc. Visuals also appeal to audience logos, and pathos

  11. ANALYSING VISUAL ARGUMENTS IN PRINT ADS: • How do the images and words make the appeal to logos? Ex: Does this combination convey the main point clearly? Ad design, layout, color, images Camera techniques 1. Distance of camera from subject: close-up, medium shot, long shot which blends subject into environment

  12. 2. Orientation of the image and camera angle 3. Eye gaze. Which persons, if any gaze directly at the camera or look away? 4.Compositional Features of the Image: setting, furnishings, props What social meanings are attached to the objects in the picture? 5. Character used in the picture: Who? Why? What are they doing?

  13. 6. Advertiser’s Goals and Strategies Advertisers for products use psychological strategies to associate product with target audience’s dreams, fears, desires, & cultural value. They also study how target audiences differ according to ethnicity, gender, education level, socialeconomic class, age, etc.

  14. Textbook: Page 50, 51, 55, 89 (Small groups of 2) 1.Look one of the ads on these pages and answer the Qs. Provided 2.Look at two of the ads you brought to class and apply similar analysis 3. Report your answers to the class

More Related