Body Systems

1. Body Systems Mrs. Horn September 2013

2. Body Systems Work Together • System- group of parts that work together • Systems work together to form a larger unit. (Example: Organ systems work together to form our bodies.) • The cooperation between these systems allow our bodies to function.

3. The Digestive System • Our bodies need energy and materials for growth. • This energy comes from the foods we eat. • Our digestive system breaks down food so it can be used by the body. • Our digestive system includes our mouth, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, esophagus, and stomach.

4. The Digestive Process • The digestive process begins when we chew . Chewing breaks our food into smaller pieces. • The food then travels to the stomach where it is mixed with chemicals that help break it down further. • The food then passes to the small intestine where more chemicals continue to break the food down. • The chemicals that assist in breaking our food down are made by the liver and pancreas. • At this point, while food is in the small intestine, nutrients are absorbed by our body. • In the large intestine, water is absorbed from food and taken into the body • Food that has not been digested becomes waste

5. Circulatory System • Carries blood, oxygen, food, and wastes throughout the body • This system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood • The heart is the main organ in this system • The circulatory system works with other systems (Example: Respiratory system takes in oxygen from air in the lungs, and the circulatory system carries the oxygen to all of the cells in your body.)

6. Circulatory System- How it Works • Heart pumps blood through blood vessels called arteries • Blood moves through the arteries into capillaries • In the capillaries, oxygen and food move from the blood to cells • Carbon dioxide moves from cells to blood • Blood then moves through the veins, which carry it back to the heart

7. Respiratory System • Takes in oxygen from the air we breathe • Lungs are main structures of the respiratory system

8. How the Respiratory System Works • When you breathe in, air moves down your throat and into your lungs • Oxygen is taken in through the lining of the lungs • Carbon dioxide is removed from your body (The air you breathe out has less oxygen but more carbon dioxide than air you breathed in.) • The diaphragm, which lies below your lungs, and muscles attached to your ribs make your lungs breathe in and out. (These muscles are NOT part of the respiratory system.)

9. The Skeletal and Muscular Systems • The skeleton is the basic framework of the body. • The skeletal system consists of 206 bones that give the body structure, support, and protection. (Example: The skull protects the brain, and the ribs protect the heart and lungs.) • Bones could not work without muscles to pull on them and make them move. • The muscular system is made up of all the body’s muscles.

10. The Nervous System • The nervous system controls all the other systems in the body. • The brain, which collects information and makes decisions, is the core of the nervous system. • The brain is connected to all parts of the body by nerves. The nerves carry instructions from your brain to the rest of your body. • The nerves also carry information from the body to the brain through sensory organs.