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ENLIGHTENMENT 1650-1800

Intellectual Movement. ENLIGHTENMENT 1650-1800. Questioning Divine Right Rethinking Religion. Belief in Goodness of Human Nature. Age of Reason. Commitment to Progress. Trust in Science. Emerging from:. Caste system. Superstition. Ignorance. Intolerance.

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ENLIGHTENMENT 1650-1800

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  1. Intellectual Movement ENLIGHTENMENT 1650-1800

  2. Questioning Divine Right Rethinking Religion Belief in Goodness of Human Nature Age of Reason Commitment to Progress Trust in Science

  3. Emerging from: Caste system Superstition Ignorance Intolerance

  4. Many Enlightenment philosophers opposed the Catholic church. They believed the Church kept knowledge from the people to maintain their power. The Enlightenment was, in part, about fighting the Church’s teachings.

  5. John Locke – English – 1632-1704 There are times where it is justified to overthrow the government Rulers derive their power from the consent of the people Natural Rights – Life, Liberty, Property

  6. Montesquieu – 1689-1755 -French Legal codes evolve over time and are not preordained by God Separation of Powers Checks and Balances

  7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau – 1712-1778 • Inequality is wrong and inefficient and harmful to society • Will of majority not always right. • Well known for his work in education • Goal of gov’t • Secure freedom, equality and justice for all regardless of the will of the majority

  8. Voltaire – 1694-1778 - French Freedom of speech Religious Tolerance “I may disagree w/ what you say, but I will defend till death your right to say it.” U.S. Constitution Against cruel and unusual punishment

  9. What two movements came before the Enlightenment movement?

  10. Protestant Reformation and the Scientific Revolution.

  11. What are two other phrases used to describe the Enlightenment? • _________of Reason • _________Movement

  12. What two U.S. Documents were heavily influenced by the Enlightenment and the Enlightenment thinkers?

  13. Declaration of Independence • Constitution

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