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VERTEBRAL COLUMN

VERTEBRAL COLUMN. THORACIC VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology). Typical. T2-R8 (T Coetzee) Body Heart shaped Demi-facets for heads of the ribs Superior costal facet-for lower facet of head of same no rib Inferior costal facet-for upper facet of head of succeeding rib Vertebral foramina

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VERTEBRAL COLUMN

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  1. VERTEBRAL COLUMN THORACIC VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology)

  2. Typical • T2-R8 (T Coetzee) • Body • Heart shaped • Demi-facets for heads of the ribs • Superior costal facet-for lower facet of head of same no rib • Inferior costal facet-for upper facet of head of succeeding rib • Vertebral foramina • Are the smallest in entire v/c

  3. Typical • Pedicles • Flattened from side to side • Inferior vertebral notch • Deeper than superior notch • Laminae • Short, broad, imbricated (overlap) • Spinous processes • Long, slopes inferiorly

  4. Typical • Transverse processes • Rounded extremities • Ant=small round costal facet for tubercle of same no rib • Superior facet-directed posteriorly • Inferior facet-directed inferiorly

  5. Atypical • T1,9,10,11,12 (T Coetzee) • T1 • Whole facets sup: for head of R1 • Demi-facets inf: for upper facet of R2 • Rest is typical • T9 • Typical except for: • Has a large demi-facet on the upper part of its body for R9

  6. Atypical • T10,11,12 • Whole facets on each side of the body & pedicles for the same no rib • T10 also has a facet on its transverse process for the tubercles of R10 • T11,T12 have no facets on transverse processes • Have sup, inf & lateral tubercles corresponding to the mamillary, accessory transverse procecesses of the lumbar vertebrae. • T11 compared to T12 • T11 inferior articular process is thoracic and points inferiorly • T12 inferior articular process is lumbar in appearance

  7. VERTEBRAL COLUMN LUMBAR VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology)

  8. Typical • L1-4 (T Coetzee) • Body • Largest in v/c • Kidney shaped • Wider side to side • Vertebral foramina • Intermediate size i.e betw cx & tx

  9. Typical • Pedicles • Flattened from sup to inf • Inferior vertebral notch • Not equal compared to thoracic • Laminae • Short, do not overlap • Spinous processes • Massive, do not overlap

  10. Typical • Transverse processes • Flattened • Accessory process • Mamillary process

  11. ATypical • L5 (T Coetzee) • Deeper in front coinciding with the sacral angle • Characteristic feature: wide separation of the inferior articular processes to articulate with the sacrum • Transverse process • Short • Pyramidal • Spinous process • Small • Rounded

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