1 / 13

Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Adapted by Reiner Kolodinski

La Belle Epoque [1871-1914]: “The Beautiful Era”. Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Adapted by Reiner Kolodinski Glendale HS, Glendale CA. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch. Materialism / Consumerism Higher standard of living Development “zones”

kennethandrews
Download Presentation

Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Adapted by Reiner Kolodinski

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. La Belle Epoque[1871-1914]:“The Beautiful Era” Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Adapted by Reiner Kolodinski Glendale HS, Glendale CA

  2. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch • Materialism / Consumerism • Higher standard of living • Development “zones” • Inner Zone Br, Fr, Ger, Belg, No. It,W. Austria • Outer Zone  Ire., Iberian Pen., most of Italy, Europe eastof Ger. • Underdeveloped Zone  Afro-Asia

  3. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch • Increased European Population • Increased public education literacy • - Realism, Sci-Fi, Naturalism, Modernism, magazines, news • Redesign / Growth of Cities • - Urban / Suburban Lifestyle • Migration from Europe • 1850-1940  60 million left Europe • Went to  US, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Australia/ New Zealand

  4. 6. “Second” Industrial Revolution Steam  electricity Internal combustion & diesel engines. Cars, planes, submarines. Britain  “The World’s Industrial Workshop” Corporations  limited liability of investments. Mass production… cheaper goods Characteristics of La Belle Epoch

  5. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch • 7. Free Trade [esp. in England] • 8. World Markets [Global Economy, Part II] • 9. Advance of Democracy • Extension of the vote (franchise) to the working class. • Creating a “welfare state.”

  6. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch • 10. The Appeal of Socialism • By the 1880s, most socialist parties were Marxist based: Ger. & Fr. • Not very successful in England. Why? • Reforms gained by working class

  7. 11. Faith in Science Alone… Science at the core of industrialization. “New Wonders” of daily life. Charles Darwin(Challenged by T.H. Huxley) Origin of Species [1859], Descent of Man [1871] “survival of the fittest” + “natural selection” “Social Darwinism”  Herbert Spencer Eugenics = Race Theory… nationalist roots? Newtonian Science (fixed laws) turned on its head Einstein  “Theory of Relativity”  nature & energy were separate & distinct. Max Planck  Quantum Physics Characteristics of La Belle Epoch

  8. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch • 12. Social Sciences established • Professionalization of “new” sciences [anthropology, archeaology,etc.] • Psychology • Ivan Pavlov  conditioned responses • Sigmund Freud  psychoanalysis • The Interpretation of Dreams [1900] • The role of the unconscious [the id, ego, super ego].

  9. 13. Social Sciences (cont’d) Sociology Max Weber Bureaucratization = reality of modern life Protestant Work Ethic.. Puritanism Emile Durkheim / Georges Sorel Collective Behavior… Society influences behavior Characteristics of La Belle Epoch

  10. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch • 14. New Trends in Philosophy • Agnosticism: God MAY exist, no proof • Positivism: Human Development (Comte) • Theological = Divine explanation • Metaphysical = Natural explanation • Positive = Scientifically proven • Existentialism (Sören Kierkegaard) • Existence is unique, unexplainable • Choice + responsibility

  11. 14. Philosophy (cont’d) Nihilism: Nothing is knowable or true Friedrich Nietzsche Übermensch  “Super Man” Anti-Christian , anti-democracy Irrationality, instinct, ecstasy, heroism, strength, pride Characteristics of La Belle Epoch

  12. 15. Internal Religious Struggles Skepticism… Is Bible true? Modernism vs. Fundamentalism Secularism > Separation of Church / State Bismarck Kulturkampf…State over Church GB + F>> education Roman Catholic Church 1st Vatican Council (Pius IX) = papal infallibility Leo XIII = Faith + Reason > Thomas Aquinas / Rerum Novarum = marriage, education, property Islamic Resistance > Mahdism, Wahhabism Characteristics of La Belle Epoch

  13. Characteristics of La Belle Epoch • 16. Anti-Semitism • Dreyfus Affair • Theodore Herzl  Der Judenstaat [The Jewish State], 1896 • “Father of Modern Zionism” • 17. Women’s Movement • Emmeline Pankhurst > Suffrage • Anti-feminism = traditional, nurture (misogynism?) • New Feminism: Legal / social / sexual = • Josephine Butler / Auguste Ficke

More Related