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Objective 6

Objective 6. Describe muscle interactions to produce normal muscular movement. Types of Muscle Contractions. Isotonic contractions Myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions The muscle shortens Isometric contractions Tension in the muscles increases

kennan-parker
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Objective 6

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  1. Objective 6 Describe muscle interactions to produce normal muscular movement.

  2. Types of Muscle Contractions • Isotonic contractions • Myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions • The muscle shortens • Isometric contractions • Tension in the muscles increases • The muscle is unable to shorten

  3. Muscle Tone • Some fibers are contracted even in a relaxed muscle • Different fibers contract at different times to provide muscle tone • The process of stimulating various fibers is under involuntary control

  4. Muscles and Body Movements • Movement is attained due to a muscle moving an attached bone Figure 6.12

  5. Muscles and Body Movements • Muscles are attached to at least two points • Origin – attachment to a moveable bone • Insertion – attachment to an immovable bone Figure 6.12

  6. Effects of Exercise on Muscle • Results of increased muscle use • Increase in muscle size • Increase in muscle strength • Increase in muscle efficiency • Muscle becomes more fatigue resistant • You DO NOT get “more” muscle fibers!!!

  7. Objective 7 Describe the criteria in naming muscles. Provide an example of each.

  8. Types of Muscles • Prime mover – muscle with the major responsibility for a certain movement • Antagonist – muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover • Synergist – muscle that aids a prime mover in a movement and helps prevent rotation • Fixator – stabilizes the origin of a prime mover

  9. Naming of Skeletal Muscles • Direction of muscle fibers • Example: rectus (straight) • Relative size of the muscle • Example: maximus (largest) • Location of the muscle • Example: many muscles are named for bones (e.g., temporalis) • Number of origins • Example: triceps (three heads)

  10. Naming of Skeletal Muscles • Location of the muscle’s origin and insertion • Example: sterno (on the sternum) • Shape of the muscle • Example: deltoid (triangular) • Action of the muscle • Example: flexor and extensor (flexes or extends a bone)

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