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Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table

Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table . Chapter 12. Groups & Periods. Group – vertical column on the periodic table; share similar chemical properties Period – horizontal rows on the periodic table; give the energy level of the outer electrons Period 1 : H: 1 s 1 He: 1 s 2

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Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table

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  1. Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table Chapter 12

  2. Groups & Periods • Group – vertical column on the periodic table; share similar chemical properties • Period – horizontal rows on the periodic table; give the energy level of the outer electrons • Period 1: H: 1s1 He: 1s2 • Period 3: Li: [He]3s1 N: [He]3s23p3

  3. The Blocks • The periodic table is divided into 4 blocks corresponding to the type of orbital of its outer electrons 1) s-block (groups 1-2) 2) p-block (groups 13-18) 3) d-block (groups 3-12) 4) f-block (Lanthanides & Actinides)

  4. Blocks & e- configuration • Example---need to know Ca configuration • Ca is located in the s-block, on the 4thperiod, and the 2nd column • Using the noble gas that comes before Ca, we can now write Ca configuration just using this info • Ca: [Ar]4s2

  5. More practice • Oxygen [He]2s22p4 • Vanadium [Ar]4s23d3 **Watch for d-block, it will always be one less than your row #!

  6. S-Block (Groups 1 & 2) Group 1 is most reactive – Alkali Metals • Has configuration of ns1 • Silvery appearance, but soft Group 2 --- Alkali Earth Metals • Has configuration of ns2 • Harder, denser, stronger; less reactive

  7. Group 1 and 2 Reactions!

  8. The d-block (groups 3-12) • Elements are known as transition metals • Good conductors of electricity & heat • High luster (shiny) and reactivity decreases as group # increases • Configuration (n-1)dxnsy • http://www.chemicalelements.com/groups/transition.html

  9. P-block (groups 13-18) • Known as the main group elements • Configuration of ns2npx • Include metals, nonmetals & metalloids • Group 16—Chalcogens; purify metals • Group 17—Halogens; react vigorously with metals • Group 18—Noble Gases; inert

  10. F-block • Lanthanides– shiny metals similar with group 2 reactivity • Actinides– all radioactive; only the first 4 are found naturally on Earth; the others only in labs • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7278951069225366106&q=atomic+bomb&hl=en • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-L2pyTn1O00

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