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World War I

World War I . The War to End All Wars. The Start of It All - Assassination. Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria in Sarajevo, Bosnia. (June 28 th , 1914) Assassin was Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian. The Start of it All - Alliances.

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World War I

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  1. World War I The War to End All Wars

  2. The Start of It All - Assassination • Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria in Sarajevo, Bosnia. • (June 28th, 1914) • Assassin was Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian.

  3. The Start of it All - Alliances • Austria-Hungary gives Serbia a list of demands it cannot meet. • When Serbia refuses Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. • Russia declares war on Austria-Hungary and Germany comes in to defend Austria-Hungary.

  4. The Alliances

  5. The Two Sides – Allied Powers • Triple Entente • United Kingdom, France and Russia • Minor members: Belgium, Serbia, Italy, Japan, Greece, Romania • Much Later the US will join the Allies.

  6. Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Italy never joins the war on the Alliance side. Later Italy joins on the Allies side. Turkey or Ottoman Empire joins the Axis. The Two Sides – Axis Powers

  7. Important Leaders • United Kingdom: David Lloyd George • France: Georges Clemenceau • US: Woodrow Wilson • Germany: Wilhelm II (Kaiser or Emperor) • Russia: Nicholas the II (Tsar or Emperor)

  8. World War I – Conflict Opens • A-H invades Serbia but is stopped by Serbian Forces. • Germany invades Belgium on it’s way to France. • The British and the French stop German advances. • Russia invades Germany and A-H forcing them to split their forces.

  9. Stagnation • Modern Warfare and Military Advances in Weapons far outpaced tactical advances. • This led to a stalemate or a time of stagnation. • This time was dominated by what is called Trench Warfare.

  10. The Age of Modern Warfare • Machineguns • Chemical Warfare • Poison Gas • Accurate Artillery • Snipers

  11. Trench Warfare

  12. No Man’s Land • The space between trenches.

  13. Military Adaptations • In response to machinegun fire both sides developed tanks. • In order to try to overcome the Trench systems that were built, airplanes where used.

  14. Tanks were new They were slow Used as Infantry Support Limited Compared to later tanks Tank Warfare

  15. Airplanes • Relatively new to warfare. • Difficulty firing and flying. • Bombing in it’s infancy. • Bombs were limited in size and ability.

  16. American Neutrality • Originally, the US attempted to stay out of the war. • The US traded heavily with the Allies. • The British stopped the Americans from trading with Germany by blockading the ports. • The US made A LOT of Money off of it.

  17. Military Solution for Germany • Germany decided to limit the economic assistance the US was giving to the Allies by sinking their ships. • German submarines or U-Boats were used to sink American ships.

  18. The End of Neutrality • May 7th, 1915 German U-boats sink the Lusitania (British Passenger Ship) • The US is informed of Author Zimmermann’s, the German Foreign Minister, note to Mexico. • The Zimmermann Note becomes a major issue in the US. (March 1,1917)

  19. US Enters the War • As the US enters the war the other countries are depleted. • The US effort pushes the lines back towards Germany. • The Russians leave the war in March of 1918 to deal with their own revolution.

  20. Armistice • Germany suffering from a huge food shortage and other supplies decides to ask for an end to conflict. • November 11th, 1918 “Armistice Day” • Hostilities end on the 11th day of the 11th month at 11:11 in the morning. • This date is later renamed Veteran’s Day

  21. Outcome • Wilson introduces the 14 Points Plan • Wilson asks for a formation of an organization to settle disputes. (Pt 14) • League of Nations • It fails due to the US unwillingness to be part of it.

  22. Outcome Continues • The Treaty of Versailles (June 1919) • An extremely harsh punishment for Germany and the other Axis Powers. • Economic punishment that forced the countries into a depression. • Splitting up of Austria-Hungary into several smaller countries.

  23. Consequences • The US returns to isolationism. • German resentment of Allies due to the harsh terms. • Militaries in Europe go into overdrive to develop new and powerful weapons.

  24. Effects • World War I leads to an economic depression in Germany and Europe. • This leads to German dissatisfaction and a rise to radical political beliefs. • Adolf Hitler rises in popularity in the NSDAP or Nazi Party.

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