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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: THE ORIGIN OF LIFE

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: THE ORIGIN OF LIFE. CONCEPTS: Biology: Methods to study biology and Pioneers Characteristics of Cells and Cell Theory Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Viruses. Biology-The study of the life. Scientific Method (OHEC) Reasoning: Deductive and Inductive

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: THE ORIGIN OF LIFE

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  1. CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION: THE ORIGIN OF LIFE • CONCEPTS: • Biology: Methods to study biology and Pioneers • Characteristics of Cells and Cell Theory • Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes • Viruses

  2. Biology-The study of the life. Scientific Method (OHEC) Reasoning: Deductive and Inductive Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke, Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Basic Properties of Cells Can grow and reproduce in culture Undergo biochemical processes and are regulated Contain genetic materials and respond to stimuli Introduction

  3. Cell Theory: Schleiden, Schwann and Virchow • Two fundamental classes of Cells • Prokaryotes-all bacteria: Arose 3.5 billion years ago, some are photosynthetic • Eukaryotes- protists, fungi, plants and animals: Arose 1.5 billion years ago • Characteristics of Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes • Complexity: simple (P), complex (E) • Genetic Material: Located in Nucloid region (P), Nucleus (E).

  4. Characteristics of Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes • Cytoplasm: membrane-bound organelles and cytoskeletal proteins (E), neither in prokaryotes, 70S ribosomes (P) and 80S (E). • Subkingdoms of Prokaryotes: • Archaebacteria: • Eubacteria: mycoplasma, cyanobacteria, E.coli, etc.

  5. Viruses: Obligatory Parasites, Virion-viral particle outside host. Origin: from host Genome Protein capsid surrounds genome Eukaryotic viruses have envolupes Infections: Lytic or Lysogenic (provirus) HIV: Lysogenic, budding, host may become malignant. Other infectious agents: viroid (plants), prions (animals)

  6. Overview of the Emergence of cells and infectious agents (Prokaryotes) Archaebacteria Eubacteria mitochondrion and chloroplast  Eukaryotes Viruses and other infectious agents

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