Journal 1/5

1. Journal 1/5 What do you think it means to be an Absolute Ruler? What kind of leadership do you think an absolute ruler would have (kind, cruel, merciful, just)? Would you prefer to live under an absolute ruler or in a democratic society like we have today? Why?

2. Journal 1/9 Turn to page 507. Read about the Spanish Armada. What’s an Armada? Why did Phillip II want to attack Elizabeth I? What was the outcome? Why?

3. No questions asked… The age of absolute power.

4. The Hapsburgs of Spain • Phillip II uses _________ to solidify power • Divine Right to _______ • Drives all non-__________ out of Spain • Attacks non-_________ monarchs • Queen Elizabeth of _______ • The Spanish Armada (507) • Taxes middle class _________

5. The Hapsburgs of Austria • Rule a __________diverse kingdom • Sent _______ppl to conquered lands • Violently put down_______ • Maria Theresa • 1st _______ruler of the ______ • Gained support forcing gov’t _______& clergy to:

6. The Hohenzollerns of Prussia • Frederick I builds a mighty _______; his son has no: • Frederick II is confined to his room after: • Frederick I forces II to watch: • II becomes a great military ________; ruthlessly conquers many lands. • Becomes Frederick the ______

7. Journal 2/26 Why is it important, as an absolute monarch, to control the noble class? How would you control the nobility?

8. The “Great” Romanovs of Russia

9. Peter the Great • Two goals • Take power from the ____ • Called Boyers in _______ • Forced them to work: • Even controlled the ______ • Dress code for________ • Helped them keep some ______by strengthening ________ 2) Westernization • Went to the west to: • Made Boyers get rid of:

10. Westernization cont. • Rebuilt roads and _______ for ______ • Simplified the __________ • When ppl revolted: • St. Petersburg • On lands gained in _____ • New ________city • Symbol of: • Extravagant • Very _________ • Forced _____to build. Many 1000s _____.

11. Catherine the Great • Early attempts to win _______ • Learns ______ • Embraces Russian _______ • More attempts at _________________. • Solidifies ______ • Begins free education for: • Gives ______power back. Strengthens serfdom:

12. Catherine the Great…does what Peter could not • Peter wanted to find a ______-_____ _____ for trade. • Could not defeat the _________ Empire in modern day ________ • Catherine finds one on the Black ___ • Continues to expand Russia’s _______

13. Journal 3/11 What would you build/destroy/create/enforce in your kingdom as a symbol of your power to the world?

14. The Bourbons of France

15. Calm Before the Storm • Henry IV tries to ________war torn France • Creates religious_________ • Decreased power of _____ • Rebuilt ________ • Henry dies, son Louis XIII: • Appoints Cardinal Richelieu: • Richelieu gives power back to _______ ______ • Took more power from____

16. Louis XIV • “I am the State!”: takes power from _______ & places it all: • No church official: • No Estates General: • The “Sun King”: the country ________around him. • Gave nobles and church officials_____jobs so they ________on him

17. Symbols of Power • Palace at Versailles • Extravagant • Outside of ______ • Elaborate ceremonies kept ______occupied • Built and trained a 300,000 man _____ • Best trained in _______ • Totally reliant upon:

19. Journal 3/22 You are a poor peasant in France and have grown tired of the way your king is treating you. What do you do? Why? How?

20. Two Houses in England

21. The Tudors • Tudors understood the importance of ______w/ Parliament • Henry VIII (__) is in constant need of ______; he depends on __________ • Elizabeth I worked closely w/_________while still maintain _________. • Elizabeth I dies _________ an heir.

22. The Stuarts • Charles I clashes w/ __________ • Will not have his power: • Dissolves ____________ for 11 years • Eventually Charles I has to: when they meet again they ______! • Execute Charles’ I advisors • Pass laws to strengthen: • Raise an _____of their own

23. Journal 4/7 Turn to page 525. Read the excerpt from the English Bill of Rights there and answer the questions at the bottom right.

24. The English Civil war, restoration and glorious revolution

25. The Death of a King • Disgusted with the abuses of _________ Parliament creates an_____ and: • Cavaliers: • Roundheads: • Oliver Cromwell: • Charles I is put on ______ and executed as a_______ • 1st time a monarch had been: • Parliament claims England is a__________ led by:

26. Cromwell in Power • Led his army into _______ &________to: • Punishes __________in the two countries • Exiled Catholics in _______ • Levellers demand: • Cromwell takes the title “Lord _______” and rules as a _________ • When Cromwell dies Parliament:

27. The Restoration • When Charles II is welcomed back to England this is called the________ b/c: • Charles II was: his brother James II was: • Parliament asks James’: to be rulers • James flees and: take over. This is known as the Glorious Rev b/c:

28. The English Bill of Rights • B/f William and Mary took power they had: • The English BofR limited the power of the _______ • Monarch had to summon: • Parliament had control: • Monarch could not: • Gave________more rights • English BofR created a _________ ________