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EARLY INDUSTRY 7.2

EARLY INDUSTRY 7.2. TRANSPORTATION OF THE 1800’S. A REVOLUTION IN TRANSPORTATION EARLY 1800’S IN THE NORTHERN STATES ERIE CANAL GREAT SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGES NATIONAL ROAD – MAJOR EAST-WEST HIGHWAY (CUMBERLAND, MA TO WHEELING, VA)

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EARLY INDUSTRY 7.2

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  1. EARLY INDUSTRY7.2

  2. TRANSPORTATION OF THE 1800’S A REVOLUTION IN TRANSPORTATION • EARLY 1800’S IN THE NORTHERN STATES • ERIE CANAL • GREAT SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGES • NATIONAL ROAD – MAJOR EAST-WEST HIGHWAY (CUMBERLAND, MA TO WHEELING, VA) • “CLERMONT” STEAMBOAT DESIGNED BY ROBERT FULTON (INCREASED RIVER TRAVEL AND CANAL BUILDING) • RAILROADS – HELPED SETTLE THE WEST AND EXPAND TRADE AMONG REGIONS, CREATED MARKETS (CHEAP TRANSPORTATION), AND INCREASED DEMAND FOR IRON AND COAL

  3. PRODUCTION A NEW SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION • INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION – BEGAN IN BRITAIN IN 1700’S (BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY) • INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION – BEGAN IN THE UNITED STATES IN THE 1800’S (“FREE ENTERPRISE” AND GENERAL INCORPORATION LAWS, NORTHEAST NEAR SWIFT-FLOWING STREAMS TO POWER FACTORIES, ENTREPRENEURS AND MERCHANTS) • SAMUEL SLATER – TEXTILE MACHINE • FRANCIS C. LOWELL – TEXTILE MILLS (MASS PRODUCTION OF COTTON CLOTH) • ELI WHITNEY – INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS IN THE GUN-MAKING INDUSTRY • SAMUEL F.B. MORSE – TELEGRAPH/MORSE CODE FOR SENDING MESSAGES (50,000 MILES OF TELEGRAPH WIRE CROSSED THE U.S.) SLATER LOWELL WHITNEY MORSE

  4. CITY OF THE 1800’S THE RISE OF LARGE CITIES • FARMS AND VILLAGES – PEOPLE MOVED TO CITIES FROM THE COUNTRY IN SEARCH OF FACTORY JOBS AND HIGHER WAGES (CITY POPULATION DOUBLED OR TRIPLED) • DIFFERENT OCCUPATIONS – GROWING CITIES PROVIDED GROWING INDUSTRY (PUBLISHING INDUSTRY GREW TO SATISFY THE GROWING DEMANDS FOR READING MATERIALS)

  5. LABOR UNIONS WORKERS BEGIN TO ORGANIZE • LABOR UNIONS – IMPROVE WORKING CONDITIONS BUT UNABLE TO SUPPORT STRIKES OR STOPPAGES (1820 – 1830) • FEDERAL EMPLOYEES – LOWERED WORK HOURS TO 10 HOURS AND MADE STRIKES LEGAL (1840-1842)

  6. FARMS OF THE 1800’S THE FAMILY FARM • AGRICULTURE – COUNTRY’S LEADING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY (1800’S) • FARMING – MORE IMPORTANT IN THE SOUTH THAN IN THE NORTH (NORTH BEGAN TO FOCUS ON MANUFACTURING AND THE SOUTH CONTINUED TO DEPEND ON AGRICULTURE AND SLAVERY)

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