ANNUAL LAB SAFETY TRAINING

1. ANNUAL LAB SAFETY TRAINING

2. Why must you take this training? Reason #1: It’s the law. Right to Know Laboratory Safety Std. Hazardous Waste Clean Air Clean Water Reason #2: There are University policies and procedures that you need to understand.

3. Laboratory Security There are also extremists who vandalize workplaces where they suspect animal research is being conducted and others who try to gain access where toxins or other hazardous materials are used. • Protect your lab and your research: • NEVER prop open any card or key access corridor doors. • Don’t let people ‘piggy-back’ to gain access to restricted areas. • Keep your lab doors closed and locked when unattended. • Question strangers, and report suspicious activity to campus security.

4. Chemical Hazards There are two general hazard classes that must be evaluated when assessing the safety of a chemical: • Physical Hazards • The nature of the chemical itself… how it behaves • Health Hazards • How an exposure might affect you

5. Chemical Hazards: Physical Hazards • Compressed Gas - cylinders of compressed gas are under intense pressure. • Corrosivity – strong acids and bases can cause visible destruction of metal at the site of contact. • Flammability - both solid and liquid chemicals can serve as fuel sources to support a fire. Flammability is based on flash points. The flash point of a liquid is the minimum temperature that a liquid gives off enough vapor to ignite if an ignition source such as heat, flame or spark is present. • Oxidizability – ability to give off oxygen as the compound decomposes which will help sustain combustion • Reactivity - many substances will react violently if allowed contact with air, water or other chemicals. Friction, shock, light or heat can be enough to trigger some reactions.

6. Gas Cylinder Safety • Storage and Handling • Gas cylinders should not be stored in exits or egress routes or blocking any safety equipment such as eyewashes, safety showers or fire extinguishers. • Gas cylinders (excluding lecture bottles) should be stored in an upright position and with safety caps in place unless in use. • Use only the appropriate regulator for the gas • Gas cylinders must be secured with a chain or appropriate belt above the midpoint but below the shoulder of the cylinder. See picture.

7. Chemical Hazards: Health Hazards • Irritants - cause reversible inflammation of skin, eyes or nasal passages. • Sensitizers- cause allergic reaction after repeated exposures. Individual sensitivities vary. Can cause watering or itching eyes, reddening of the skin, hives even an asthmatic attack. • Carcinogens - alter DNA or cause cells with altered DNA to multiply or cancer causing. • Systemic or Target Organ Toxins - typically target a specific organ or system (liver, kidney, blood, nervous system, reproductive system, etc.). • Corrosives –acid, bases and some organics that can burn the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and respiratory tract. HF not your typical mineral acid. It attacks the bone. • Toxins – anything that can be poisonous to your body, toxicity is based on DOSED.

8. No Exposure, No Problem Working with or around hazardous chemicals does not necessarily mean that a person’s health will be affected. The link between hazardous chemicals and adverse health effects lies in exposure.

9. Routes of EntryRoad map to the body Inhalation - Breathing it in Skin Absorption- Ingestion- Getting it on skin Getting it in mouth Injection puncture, needle stick or a chemical getting into an open cut

10. Exposure Effects • Acute • a rapid, sudden exposure • the harmful effects are immediate • Chronic • repeated, small exposures • the harmful effects are delayed • sometimes as long as 40 years • Latency Period • the time between the exposure and the effect

11. Safety Equipment:Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Gloves - No single glove material is appropriate for all chemicals - Choose glove with lowest permeability to the chemical you are using - Consult CHP as a guide • Clothing – minimize areas of exposed skin • Eye Protection – If chemicals or infectious agents could be splashed into your face, protect your eyes with glasses, goggles or a face shield. REQUIREMENTS AT NOTRE DAME • Gloves are required anytime you are handling chemicals, biological agents,and/or radioactives. • Eye protection is required anytime you are working with chemicals, biological agents outside a Biosafety cabinet, Radioactive materials or involved with sanding or grinding operations • Goggles should be worn when working with corrosives or if a splash hazard is present. • Lab coat is required if you are working with biological or radioactive materials

12. Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) You have a right to information about every chemical in your workplace, and the format created to convey this information is the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). MSDS are: • Chemical specific • Included in every shipment of hazardous chemicals • Required to be in every work location where chemicals exist • Created by chemical manufacturers • NOT all created equal

13. MSDS Information • Identity of material (chemical name, synonyms) • Physical and chemical properties • Health hazards and “safe” exposure levels • Symptoms of exposure • Applicable routes of entry to the body • Carcinogen listing • Name, address, and emergency phone number of manufacturer • Precautions for safe handling • Control measures, PPE

14. Finding an MSDS • Chemical manufacturers and distributors CANNOT refuse a request for an MSDS. • There are excellent on-line MSDS databases: http://www.hazard.com/msds/index.php http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/AdvancedSearchPage

15. University of Notre Dame Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) http://riskmgt.nd.edu/manuals/documents/CHP_000.pdf • Roles and Responsibilities • Contains information and procedures that laboratory personnel can use to protect themselves from the chemicals they work with • First place to look for answers to questions you might have regarding chemical or laboratory issues • Topics include: - Glove selection - Emergency Response - Chemical compatibility -Waste Management • Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) • Pre-approval notifications

16. Electrical Safety • Maintain all electrical equipment in proper and good working order • Routinely examine all wiring, plugs power strips and extension cords for signs of exposed wire or deteriorating insulation • No tripping or hanging hazards

17. Safety Equipment:Chemical Fume Hood Airflow into the hood prevents chemicals inside from migrating out into your breathing zone. If air velocity into the hood is impeded or slowed, the hoods ability to capture chemicals is compromised. Factors that affect airflow: • Sash Height • Drafts • Bulky objects inside

18. Emergency Response • Fires/accidents 911 or 574-631-5555 from cell phone • Spills 631-5037 (Risk Management and Safety) • After Hours Spills 911 or 631-5555 from cell phone State the type of emergency and the exact location of emergency – Building and Room number If a chemical is involved spell the chemical name to the dispatcher. If you are leaving the area, give a phone number where responders can contact you.

19. Biological/Chemical Exposures Needle Sticks: Ocular Exposures: Dermal Exposures: • Rinse under water at least 15 minutes • If large area of body is involved, use safety shower to drench yourself. • Wash thoroughly with soap and water • Rinse at eyewash at least 15 minutes • Hold eye open to ensure effective wash • Identify source of contamination • Remove all contaminated clothing • Seek Medical Treatment • If you are an employee, your supervisor must fill out an • accident/exposure form

20. Safety Equipment:Safety Shower and Eyewash Ask yourself: • Do I know where they are located? • Do I know how they work? • Do I know that they work? • Are they accessible?

21. Chemical Spills Identify the chemical Assess your ability to safely contain and clean up the spill: (spill size, chemical toxicity) I CAN safely clean it up I CANNOT safely clean it up Notify coworkers and secure the area Notify coworkers and vacate/secure the area Use spill kit to contain and clean up the spill (MSDS helps) Call Risk Management at 631-5037 • Lab Workers are responsible to clean up spill if: • - It is a chemical that they work with • - They have the proper personal protective equipment available • - Lab size quantities

22. How to Use a Fire Extinguisher pull pin aim at the base of the fire squeeze handle sweep from side to side PASS

23. Chemical Wastes USEPA has set strict regulations governing the disposal of hazardous chemicals. Intuitively we should all understand that potentially harmful chemicals cannot be disposed of with the regular trash… $27,500 per violation, per day!

24. OrangeBiohazard Bags Orange Biohazard Bags contain previously contaminated waste that has been decontaminated (autoclaved) by lab personnel. May be disposed of in regular trash if brown bagged. Biohazard bags cannot be used for disposal of chemicals or radioactive materials.

25. Chemical Waste Disposal • Container • Compatible and in good condition • Has “tight-fitting” closure Label must be on waste container the moment the first DROP of waste is put into the container • Label (2 things): • Words “hazardous waste or waste” • Name of chemical(s) • Secondary Containment • Must segregate incompatibles • One container per waste stream

27. 341 Chemistry Methanol 40 Acetone 20 Ethanol 40 4 Liters Generator Signs Faculty name printed RM&S use ONLY Abbreviations and formulas NOT acceptable Do not use pencil or marker. Print must go through all 3 layers. Person who generates waste signs form

28. Red Plastic Sharps Containers Red (hard plastic) sharps containers contain needles, syringes, razor blades, scalpel blades, etc. Disposed of through Risk Management and Safety

29. All other waste… Gloves, paper, etc if not contaminated: disposed of in regular (clear) trash bags and bags are to be removed by custodians daily. Broken Glass: if clean, should be disposed of in a puncture proof box marked “Broken Glass”. Empty bottles must be triple rinsed, label defaced and cap removed for building services to remove them.

30. Shipping Hazardous Materials Shipments of chemicals, biological agents/samples, and radioisotopes pose a hazard to everyone involved in the transportation process. For this reason there are very strict regulations regarding packaging, labeling and documenting such shipments. AT LEAST 48 business hours notification PRIOR to desired ship date IS REQUIRED Chemical Shipments Always contact Lisa Phillips in RM&S prior to attempting to ship a chemical. Biological Shipments Always contact Lisa Phillips in RM&S prior to shipping biological/infectious materials. Radioactive Shipments Always Andy Welding in RM&S prior to attempting to ship a radioactive material.

31. Emergency Phone Numbers • Security 911 or 631- 5555 from cell phone • Risk Management & Safety 1-5037 • ND Fire 1-6200