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STATISTIKA

STATISTIKA. PENDAHULUAN. TEKNIK INFORMATIKA UNIVERSITAS ATMA JAYA YOGYAKARTA. MENGAPA BELAJAR STATISTIKA ???. SILABUS. Tinjauan umum statistik Pengumpulan data Penyajian data Ukuran pemusatan data Ukuran penyebaran data Probabilitas Analisis regresi Analisis korelasi

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STATISTIKA

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  1. STATISTIKA PENDAHULUAN TEKNIK INFORMATIKAUNIVERSITAS ATMA JAYA YOGYAKARTA

  2. MENGAPA BELAJAR STATISTIKA ???

  3. SILABUS • Tinjauan umum statistik • Pengumpulan data • Penyajian data • Ukuran pemusatan data • Ukuran penyebaran data • Probabilitas • Analisis regresi • Analisis korelasi • Inferensi statistik

  4. REFERENSI • Statistika dan Ilmu Peluang untuk Insinyur dan Ilmuwan, Walpole dan Meyer • Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientist, Antony J. Hayter • Teori dan aplikasi Statistika dan Probabilitas, Dr. Boediono dan Dr. Ir. Wayan Koster, MM • Statistics, a first course, sixth edition, Donald H. Sanders and Robert K. Smidt • Probability and Statistics for Engineering, Computing and Physical Sciences, Edward R. Dougherty

  5. PENILAIAN • Ujian Tengah Semester 35% • UjianAkhir Semester 35% • Quis + Tugas + Aktivitas 30%

  6. TINJAUAN UMUM STATISTIK • Kata “statistics” (bhs Inggris) dapat berarti: 1. data (dalam bhs Indonesia : statistik) 2. ilmu (dalam bhs Indonesia : statistika)

  7. STATISTIK • berarti : - data / kumpulan data / fakta - ukuran sebagai wakil dari kumpulan data mengenai suatu hal tertentu (bhs Ing : statistic)

  8. STATISTIKA • didefinisikan sebagai: ilmu yang berhubungan dengan cara-cara pengumpulan, pengolahan, penyajian dan penganalisisan data serta penarikan kesimpulan dan pembuatan keputusan berdasarkan fakta/data dan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan

  9. STATISTIKA (2) • Statistikadikelompokkanmenjadi : 1. Statistikadeskriptif : statistika yang berhubungandengan pengumpulan, pengolahandanpenyajian data 2. Statistikainduktif / inferensia : statistika yang berhubungandengan analisisdanpenarikankesimpulan

  10. MANFAAT STATISTIKA • Menggambarkan dan mengerti relasi numerik diantara variabel-variabel - jumlah data yang dikumpulkan, diproses dan ditampilkan sangat banyak, shg perlu mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan relasi diantara variabel yang penting dalam pengambilan keputusan • Sebagai alat bantu dalam pengambilan keputusan - metode-metode statistik memungkinkan membuat keputusan yang lebih baik untuk menghadapi ketidakpastian.

  11. DEFINISI-DEFINISI • Populasi: suatukumpulanseluruh pengukuran, obyekatauindividu-individu yang diamati • Sampel: bagiandaripopulasi yang diamati • Parameter : suatuukuran yang diambildari populasi • Statistik: suatuukuran yang diambildari sampel

  12. SOAL • Sebuah perusahaan pembuatan chip komputer mengklaim bahwa chip rusak yang mereka hasilkan kurang dari 10% dari seluruh produksi mereka. Ketika 1000 chip diambil dari suatu produksi yang besar, 7,5% ditemukan rusak. a. Tentukan populasi dan sampel. b. Apa parameter dan statistik yang diteliti c. 10 % parameter / statistik ? d. 7,5 % parameter / statistik ?

  13. SOAL • Mengapa umumnya dianggap lebih praktis mendapatkan nilai data dari sampel daripada dari populasi ? Berikan alasan Anda.

  14. MATERI TAMBAHAN

  15. Statistics: Overview We begin with some definitions. Definition 1.1. Statistics is the science of data. This involves collecting, classifying, summarizing, organizing, and interpreting numerical information.

  16. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.2. Descriptive statistics utilizes numerical and graphical methods to look for patterns in a data set, to summarize the information revealed in a data set, and to present that information in a convenient form.

  17. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.3. Inferential statistics utilizes sample data to make estimates, decisions, predictions, or other generalizations about a larger set of data.

  18. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.3. An experimental unit is an object (e.g., person, thing, transaction, or event) upon which we collect data.

  19. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.5. A populationis a set of units (usually people, objects, transactions, or events) that we are interested in studying.

  20. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.6. A variableis a characteristic or property of an individual population unit. We measure a variable for members of the population. If we measure a variable for every member of a population that is a census.

  21. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.7. A sampleis a subset of the units of a population. Definition 1.8. A statistical inference is an estimate, prediction, or some other generalization about a population based on information contained in a sample.

  22. Statistics: Overview Definition 1.9. A measure of reliability is a statement (usually quantified) about the degree of uncertainty associated with a statistical inference.

  23. Statistics: Overview Four Elements of Descriptive Statistical Problems • The population or sample of interest. • One or more variables (characteristics of the population or sample units) that are to be investigated. • Tables, graphs, or numerical summary tools. • Identification of patterns in the data.

  24. Statistics: Overview Five Elements of Inferential Statistical Problems • The population of interest. • One or more variables (characteristics of the population units) that are to be investigated. • The sample of population units. • The inference about the population based on information contained in the sample. • A measure of reliability for the inference..

  25. Statistics: Overview So data are variable measurements for a population or sample of interest. Descriptivestatistics uses tables, graphs, or numerical summaries to describe data and identify patterns in it.

  26. Statistics: Overview Inferentialstatistics draws conclusions about a feature of a variable for a population based on features of the variable for a sample. The conclusions are qualified with a measure of reliability.

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