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Coalitions for climate technologies

Coalitions for climate technologies. Taishi Sugiyama Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI) sugiyama@criepi.denken.or.jp Dec. 13 th 2004, COP10/ WBCSD side event, Buenos Aires. Technology is the key to prevent climate change.

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Coalitions for climate technologies

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  1. Coalitions for climate technologies Taishi Sugiyama Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI) sugiyama@criepi.denken.or.jp Dec. 13th 2004, COP10/ WBCSD side event, Buenos Aires

  2. Technology is the key to prevent climate change A result of FAIR 1.0 calculation, based on IMAGE 550ppmv Stabilization scenario. Source: RIVM(2001)

  3. How developing countries can cut emissions? No policy Emissions Tech Costs cut by R&D and mass production Energy Efficiency Geological Storage of CO2 No-regret options Affordable options Renewable 2000 2100

  4. Formal tech treaties Cannot Do… ×International “cost-sharing” Fund for tech development: Large amount of money do not go abroad ×Common “one-size-fits-all” standards：　Appliances vary across regions and change rapidly. / Regulators unwilling to change their systems by international pressure

  5. Formal tech treaties Can Do.. １）　Information exchange and personal exchanges ２）　Task sharing for demonstration projects ex. IEA-IA, CSLF by US 3)Collective creation of niche markets 4) Assistance to build regulatory institutions

  6. Strategy: create niche markets and enhance the institutional interplay • Niche market, market dedicated for a new technology, spurs the tech development. • Once a technology is available, it diffuses to the rest of the world through institutional interplay, even in the absence of formal treaty. Example: • Automobile pollutants in US & Japan in 1970s • SOx policy in many countries in 1970s-90s (cf. Ozone regime, EU wind regime).

  7. Wind - Wind rich countries - JREC etc • Energy Efficiency • Countries with fragile access to • energy • - APEC etc Carbon Capture - Fossil fuel rich countries - CSLF etc Where to create niche markets? Possible Coalitions for Climate Techs Regions promote technologies compatible with their context

  8. Possible “Energy Efficiency Treaty” Strategy: create niche market and enhance the institutional interplay East Asian countries(Japan, China, Korea, etc) , Recognizing that there are common interests (energy security, regional security, economic efficiency, larger appliance market), Agree to: 1) domestically implement efficiency standards for appliances,enforce and revise them. 2) promote governmental procurement. 3) create a fund to assist building and running regulatory institutions.

  9. Energy efficiency to save costs - and climate How water heat-pump with 300% efficiency Compared with combustion-based water heaters, 30％ energy savings in primary energy consumption 40％ GHG cut based on current fuel mix of grid electricity in Japan

  10. Induction-Heating (IH) Cooking Heater

  11. IH Cooking Heater ■ 便利なタイマー機能で快適クッキング ■ IHの加熱のしくみ （Source）TEPCO

  12. All Electrified House Optimal Control for Amenity and Money - Heat pump for all: air conditioning, hot water, floor heater - All electrified kitchen: IH cooling heater, micro-wave, electric oven, Nichrome wire . Heat insulator Bathroom heater 照明・ｺﾝｾﾝﾄのIT制御ｼｽﾃﾑ Ventilator Sensor Heat pump for all LED lump IH heater High-tech plug Floor heating （Source）METI

  13. Increase of All Electrified Houses （ Source ）Yano Research Institute Ltd.

  14. Global framework to foster technology development

  15. Reframe Reframe the issue and policy framework

  16. Where should be the significant 2nd step? Second Step Ultimate Regime First Step 2008-2012 2013?-- 2030?-- “Cap First” Strategy Kyoto Protocol: Cap & Trade Regime Another Cap & Trade Regime Ultimate Regime: Consists of Cap& Trade, Technology Mutually Reinforce, Or Conflict? Climate Tech Regime “Empower” strategy

  17. Conclusion • Regional tech activities (renewable, capture, conservation) to flank, or as part of potential alternative to, the KP approach make sense • National cap approach: care should be taken not to be destructive to tech cooperation, and vice versa. • Global effects are expected from regional tech niche by institutional interplay . Danger of tech treaties approach is to end up bits and pieces. Global climate tech treaty may be the remedy.

  18. Wind - Wind rich countries - JREC etc • Energy Efficiency • Countries with fragile access to • energy • - APEC etc Carbon Capture - Fossil fuel rich countries - CSLF etc Zero Emission Technology Treaty （ZETT) -Pledge and review, non-binding -Right long-term policy signal -Keep the political salience of tech -Provide global legitimacy to regions Global Level Regional Level

  19. References • Taishi Sugiyama et al., Scenarios for the Global Climate Regime (Briefing Paper). Oil, Gas Energy Law Intelligence (OGEL) Volume 2, issue #01 - February 2004 • Taishi Sugiyama, guest editor, "Scenarios for the Global Climate Regime", Special Edition, International Environmental Agreement, forthcoming (2005).

  20. END OF PRESENTATION

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