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Force

Force. Chapter 6. Force. Any push or pull exerted on an object. System. The object with the force applied. Environment. The world surrounding the object. Contact Force. A force that acts on an object by touching it. Contact Force. A baseball bat striking a ball. Long-range Force.

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Force

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  1. Force Chapter 6

  2. Force • Any push or pull exerted on an object

  3. System • The object with the force applied

  4. Environment • The world surrounding the object

  5. Contact Force • A force that acts on an object by touching it

  6. Contact Force • A baseball bat striking a ball

  7. Long-range Force • A force that acts on an object w/o touching it

  8. Long-range Force • The force of gravity

  9. Agent • Whatever is causing the force

  10. Inertia • The resistance to change • (in motion)

  11. Equilibrium • When the net forces acting on an object = zero

  12. Force Vector Diagram • A Diagram showing the vectors of all forces acting on an object.

  13. Force Vector Diagram Force of table on the ball Weight on table

  14. Draw Force Vector Diagrams of: • A book on a desk • A book being pushed across the desk • A book falling

  15. Newton’s Laws of Motion

  16. Newton’s 1st Law An object will remain at rest or in constant straight-line motion if the net force acting on it is zero

  17. Newton’s 1st Law The velocity is constant and acceleration is zero when the net force on an object is zero

  18. Newton’s 2nd Law The acceleration of an object is directly proportioned to the net force applied to it

  19. Newton’s 2nd Law Fnet m a =

  20. Newton’s 2nd Law Fnet = ma

  21. Newton’s 3rd Law For every action, there is an equal & opposite reaction

  22. Newton’s 3rd Law FA on B = -FB on A

  23. Two horizontal forces of 23.5 N & 16.5 N are acting in the same direction on a 2.0 kg object. Calculate: 1) net Force on the object2) its acceleration

  24. Two horizontal forces of 23.5 N & 16.5 N are acting in opposite directions on a • 2.0 kg object. Calculate: • net force on the object • 2) its acceleration

  25. Forces of 4.0 N west & 3.0 N north are acting on a 2.0 kg object. Calculate: 1) net Force on the object2) its acceleration

  26. Calculate the acceleration of a 1500 g object falling towards Earth when the Fair friction is 11.7 N.

  27. List Newton’s Laws of Motion

  28. Types of Forces Friction Tension Normal Thrust Spring Weight

  29. Friction (Ff) • The contact force that acts to oppose sliding motion between surfaces • Its direction is parallel & opposite the direction of sliding

  30. Normal (FN) • The contact force exerted by a surface on an object • Its direction is perpendicular & away from the surface

  31. Spring (Fsp) • A restoring force, or the push or pull a spring exerts on an object • Its direction is opposite the displacement of an object at the end of a spring

  32. Tension (FT) • The pull exerted by a string, rope, or cable when attached to a body & pulled taut • Its direction away from the object & parallel to the string at the point of attachment

  33. Thrust (Fthrust) • A general term for the force that moves rockets, planes, etc • Its direction is the same direction as the acceleration of the object barring any resistive forces

  34. Weight (Fg) • Force due the gravitational attraction between two objects like an object & the Earth • Its direction is straight down towards the center of the Earth

  35. Name & describe the 6 types of forces

  36. Weight (Fg) Weight = Fg = mag = mg Fg = W = mg

  37. When an object is launched, the only forces action upon it are the forces gravity & air friction.

  38. No net force is required to keep an object in motion. Frictional forces oppose motion.

  39. Inertia is not a force, but the resistance to the change in motion or momentum.

  40. Air exerts huge & balanced frictional forces on an object. When in motion, the net Ff of air is large.

  41. Terminal Velocity • The constant velocity that is reached when the force of air friction of a falling object equals its weight

  42. Friction (Ff) Kinetic frictional force Ff, kinetic Static frictional force Ff, static

  43. Draw Vector Force Diagrams of: 1) a skydiver gaining downward velocity 2) a skydiver at terminal velocity

  44. Draw Vector Force Diagrams of: 3) a rope pulling a ball up at constant velocity 4) a rope acceleration a ball upwards

  45. An object’s weight on Earth is 490 N. Calculate:1) its mass2) its weight in the moon where gmoon = 1.60 m/s2

  46. An 500.0 g object on an unknown planet has a weight of 250 N. Calculate the acceleration caused by the planet’s gravity.

  47. Static Ff • The force exerted on one surface by another when there is no relative motion

  48. Kinetic Ff • The force exerted on one surface by another when in relative motion

  49. Forces acting on an object: FN FN = -W FA > Ff Ff Fapplied Fg or Weight

  50. Static Ff Ff, static = msFN

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