1 / 20

Blood Administration

Blood Administration. Blood Therapy. Indications Significant hypovolemia due to acute blood loss Symptomatic anemia Decreasing hemoglobin Decreasing hematocrit To increase oxygen carrying ability Decreased clotting factors. Type and Screen. Indications Sudden blood loss Anemia

kbobbie
Download Presentation

Blood Administration

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Blood Administration Hemodynamic Management

  2. Blood Therapy • Indications • Significant hypovolemia due to acute blood loss • Symptomatic anemia • Decreasing hemoglobin • Decreasing hematocrit • To increase oxygen carrying ability • Decreased clotting factors Hemodynamic Management

  3. Type and Screen • Indications • Sudden blood loss • Anemia • Pre-surgical work-up • Procedure • Phlebotomy • Spin and separate • Test for antibodies Hemodynamic Management

  4. Cross Match • Indications • Specific blood for specific patient • Procedure • Incubate donor cells with recipient serum • Coomb’s test Hemodynamic Management

  5. Types of Blood Products • Common • Whole blood • Packed red blood cells • Fresh frozen plasma • Platelets • Less common • Albumin • Cryoprecipitate Hemodynamic Management

  6. Blood Types Blood Types Antigens Antibodies A A Anti-B B B Anti-A AB A, B None O None Anti-A, Anti-B Hemodynamic Management

  7. Blood Administration • Type O ........... universal donor • Type AB .....… universal recipient Hemodynamic Management

  8. Rh Factor • Rh positive • Possess D antigen • Rh negative • Possess no D antigen • Rh negative patients may develop antibodies to D antigens with exposures to Rh positive blood Hemodynamic Management

  9. Blood Administration • Equipment needed • Physicians order • Blood typed and cross matched • Venous access (18ga or larger) • Filtered administration set • 0.9% NS • Thermometer Hemodynamic Management

  10. Transfusion Procedure • Preparation of patient • Confirm order for blood • Check patient for • Right patient • Right blood product • Right type • Assess baseline vital signs • Ensure suitable venous access Hemodynamic Management

  11. Transfusion Procedure • Preparation of blood • Check blood for • Right patient • Right blood product • Right type • Expiration date • Maintain temperature of blood Hemodynamic Management

  12. Transfusion Precautions • Do not mix blood with • D5W - causes hemolysis • LR - causes clotting • Medications - may react Hemodynamic Management

  13. Transfusion Procedure • Procedure • Flush tubing with 0.9% NS • Cover the administration filter with blood • Connect blood to tubing • Piggyback onto IV line of 0.9% NS • Start transfusion slowly • Monitor for adverse reaction Hemodynamic Management

  14. Transfusion Rate • Procedure • Initially @ rate of 1 ml/min • Evaluate for hemolytic reaction • Monitor vital signs q 15 minutes • After 30 minutes, adjust flow rate • Evaluate for hemolytic reaction • Monitor vital signs q 30 minutes Hemodynamic Management

  15. Transfusion Rate • Whole blood • 2-3 hours • No more than 4 hours • Packed red blood cells • 2-3 hours • No more than 4 hours • Fresh frozen plasma • Less than 2 hours Hemodynamic Management

  16. Transfusion Reaction • Signs and symptoms • Fever - 2 degrees or more • Hives, itching or skin symptoms • Swelling, soreness or hematoma at IV site • Tachycardia • Respiratory distress • Hypotension • Anaphylaxis • Nausea, vomiting • Blood in urine All Signs of Shock Hemodynamic Management

  17. Transfusion Reaction • Treatment • STOP the transfusion! • Maintain IV access with 0.9% NS • Save the remaining blood product • Administer oxygen PRN Hemodynamic Management

  18. Transfusion Reaction • Treatment • Medications • Benadryl • Epinephrine • Tylenol • Lasix • Notify physician • Treat for signs and symptoms of shock Hemodynamic Management

  19. Documentation • Record • Baseline vital signs • Time transfusion started • Transfusion flow rate • Patient’s response and ongoing vital signs • Time transfusion ended • Pertinent observations and clinical manifestations Hemodynamic Management

  20. Blood Administration Conclusion Hemodynamic Management

More Related