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EUROPEAN EXPLORERS

EUROPEAN EXPLORERS. SIR FRANCES DRAKE. Country of birth: England (1540) Country sponsored: England Explored for: gold Doesn’t get any initial credit – Queen Elizabeth doesn’t want a war with Spain Area explored/achievements: 1570s: began voyages to the New World

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EUROPEAN EXPLORERS

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  1. EUROPEAN EXPLORERS

  2. SIR FRANCES DRAKE • Country of birth: England (1540) • Country sponsored: England • Explored for: gold • Doesn’t get any initial credit – Queen Elizabeth doesn’t want a war with Spain • Area explored/achievements: • 1570s: began voyages to the New World • Would attack Spanish settlements and destroy ships • 1572: crossed Isthmus of Panama • Saw the Pacific Ocean • 1577: Queen Elizabeth of England secretly gives him money to continue voyages • Expeditions around South America, capturing Spanish ships • Circumnavigated the world to avoid Spanish revenge, first Englishman to circumnavigate • Queen knighted him • Known as a pirate to the Spanish “El Drake” • Known as the greatest navigator and privateer and “Mistress of the Seas” to the English

  3. FERDINAND MAGELLAN • Country of birth: Portugal (1480) • Country sponsored: Spain • Explored for: gold & glory • Area explored/achievements: • Was interested in finding western water route to Spice Islands • 1520: landed in Philippine Islands • Waters around the tip of South America “Straits of Magellan” • Convinced the Spanish king Spice Islands would be in “Spanish” half of the world • Treaty of Tordesillas • Magellan’s crew was the first to circumnavigate the world

  4. HENRY HUDSON • Country of birth: England (1565) • Country sponsored: England & Holland • Explored for: gold & glory • Area explored/achievements: • Discovered the Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay and Hudson River • Explored Arctic Ocean, Greenland and northeastern North America • His crew mutinied him and set him on a small boat

  5. CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS • Country of birth: Italy (1451) • Country sponsored: Spain • Explored for: gold, glory & God • Area explored/achievements: • Wanted to find a short cut to the Spice Islands by sailing west • Landed in San Salvador, present day Bahamas (thought he was in the Spice Islands naming the people “Indians”) / Hispaniola • Visited Puerto Rico, Martinique and Trinidad • BRUTAL towards natives, forcing them to look for gold and precious stones, enslaved hundreds • He always believed he had found a western water route to the Spice Islands • Created the Columbian Exchange

  6. FRANCISCO PIZARRO • Country of birth: Spain (1470) • Country sponsored: Spain • Explored for: gold & glory • Area explored/achievements: • Joined Balboa’s expedition across Isthmus of Panama to Pacific Ocean • Expeditions into Central America - looking for Incas • Reached Canzmarca where the Inca leader lived • Captured leader (Atahualpa) kept him captive, received thousand pounds of gold and silver as ransom then killed Atahualpa and his men • Founded city of Lima, Peru • Called it Ciudad de los Reyes – Spanish for City of Kings • Very greedy and ruthless conquistador - conquered Incas which helped make Spain the most rich and powerful nation at this time

  7. EUROPEAN EXPEDITIONS IN TEXAS

  8. ALONZO ALVAREZ DE PINEDA • Country of birth: Spain (1494) • Sponsored by Spain • Explored for: gold & glory • Area explored/achievements: • King sent him to chart (map) and explore the Gulf Coast from Florida to Mexico • His exploration was the first in Texas • Mapped and explored Corpus Christi Bay

  9. ROBERT DE LASALLE • Country of birth: France (1643) • Country sponsored: France • Explored for: gold & glory • Area explored/achievements: • Explored parts of Canada • The Great Lakes • Claims Mississippi River Basin area for France • Last expedition came back to North America tried to colonize along the Gulf Coast of Mexico • It was full of pirate attacks, hostile natives and bad navigation • Expedition ended up off target creating Fort St. Louis • LaSalle was murdered by one of his men in present-day Navasota, TX • Claimed Louisiana after King Louis XIV

  10. ALVAR NUNEZ CABEZA DE VACA • Country of birth: Spain • Country sponsored: Spain • Explored for: gold & glory • Area explored/achievements: • Explores Gulf of Mexico into present day Mexico • Published accounts of his travels including the terrible treatment of natives by the Spanish

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