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Chapter Three: Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period

Chapter Three: Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period. Culture and Values, 7 th Ed. Cunningham and Reich. Music in the Classical Period. Popularity of instrumental music Doctrine of Ethos Plato Aristotle Pythagorean principals Octaves, fourths, tetrachords, modes

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Chapter Three: Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period

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  1. Chapter Three:Classical Greece and theHellenistic Period Culture and Values, 7th Ed. Cunningham and Reich

  2. Musicin the Classical Period • Popularity of instrumental music • Doctrine of Ethos • Plato • Aristotle • Pythagorean principals • Octaves, fourths, tetrachords, modes • Rhythmic instrumentation • Musical notation

  3. Fifth Century B.C.E.:Sculpture and Vase Painting • Naturalism, realism • Myron’s Discus Thrower • New standard of human beauty • Proportion, symmetry, balance • Riace Bronzes • Polykleitos of Argos, The Canon • Focus on individual • Emotional responses • Death and mourning

  4. Plucked instruments • Cithara • Phorminx • Lyra • Epigonion • Barbiton • Pandouris

  5. Lyre

  6. Epigonion

  7. Collection of plucked instruments

  8. The Aulos

  9. Aulos is Art

  10. Aulos player on a vase

  11. Polykleitos, Doryphoros

  12. Fifth Century B.C.E.:Architecture • Temple of Zeus at Olympia • Post-Persian War (470-456 B.C.E.) • Proportion and interrelationships • Divine justice

  13. Fifth CenturyB.C.E.: ArchitectureThe Acropolis • Pericles’ building program • Delian League funds • Phidias (449 B.C.E.) • Parthenon • Proportion, balance • Ideal beauty in realistic terms • Propylaea • Erechtheum • Porch of the Maidens (caryatids)

  14. [Image 3.18] Porch of the Maidens

  15. Fourth Century B.C.E.:The Visual Arts • Realism and emotion • Fate of the individual (Plato) • Praxiteles • Female body = object of beauty • Scopas • Emotion and intensity • Lysippus • Portraiture, scale

  16. The Hellenistic Period • Division of Macedonian Empire • Syria, Egypt, Pergamum, Macedonia • Spread of Greek influence • Artistic freedom vs. Classical order • New patrons = new artistic roles • Altar of Zeus at Pergamum • Laocoön • Return to Classic principles

  17. Chapter Three: Discussion Questions • In what ways can the manifestation of chaos, confusion, and uncertainty be seen in art from the Classical and/or Hellenistic periods? Explain, citing specific examples. • What is the “Classical Ideal”? In what works is this ideal best illustrated? Explain. • Compare the Acropolis with the buildings at Pergamum. How does each entity symbolize the cultural attitudes of its time and locale? Explain. • What role did drama and music play in the lives of the Greeks? How were the two forms interrelated?

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