1 / 26

U nited A rab Emirates U niversity Chemical and Petroleum Engineering

U nited A rab Emirates U niversity Chemical and Petroleum Engineering. Desalination of seawater using exhaust CO 2. Presented By: Ahmad Hussain AlHossany Adeeb Omar Bamatraf Mohamad Jamal El-Cadi Saleh Mohammed Mohammed Advisor: Co-advisors:

kathy
Download Presentation

U nited A rab Emirates U niversity Chemical and Petroleum Engineering

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. United Arab Emirates UniversityChemical and Petroleum Engineering Desalination of seawater using exhaust CO2 Presented By: Ahmad Hussain AlHossany Adeeb Omar Bamatraf Mohamad Jamal El-Cadi Saleh Mohammed Mohammed Advisor: Co-advisors: Dr. Ali Al-Marzouqi Dr. Omar Chaalal

  2. Water Desalination • The [Na+] of seawater is 14,000 ppm. • Brackish Water with [Na+] of 1000 – 4000 ppm is suitable for irrigation (depending on crops). • Saline type agriculture is under research to use saline water up to [Na+] of 10,000 ppm. • Water demands include: • Domestic use • Agriculture use • Industrial use

  3. Thermal (Evaporation) Reverse Osmosis ( RO ) Electrodialysis (ED) Vapor Compression (VC ) Multiple Effect Distillation ( MED ) Membrane Main Desalination Technologies Multi-Stage Flash (MSF)

  4. Gas Flaring in the UAE Total Gas Flaring in the UAE 83 MMSCFD MMSCFD

  5. OBJECTIVE Propose a practical process, at low cost, for producing large quantities of brackish water, using CO2 from combustion exhaust, which otherwise would be contaminating the environment.

  6. Advantages of the proposed process: • Low energy consumption = low cost. • Raw materials available at low cost. • Produce brackish water for irrigation purposes. • Produce valuable by-products. • Solves two environmental problems: • Reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. • Treatment of reject brine or formation water.

  7. Theory - The absorbed CO2 reacts with ammonia in the ammoniated brine to form carbamic acid. CO2 + NH3 NH2COOH (carbamic acid ) (1) - Carbamic acid reacts with ammonia to form ammonium carbamate. NH3 + NH2COOH NH4+ + NH2COO- (2) - The overall reaction is given as (Primary Rxn.) : CO2 + 2NH3 NH2COO- + NH4+ (3) - The carbonate slowly converts into bicarbonate (Secondary Rxn.) : NH2COO- + H2O NH3 + HOCOO- (4) • Main Reaction: • NaCl (aq) + NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2(g) NaHCO3 (s) + NH4Cl(aq)

  8. EXPERIMENTAL WORK • Aim: • To investigate the optimum conditions that give • the best quality of irrigation water. • - Temperature • - Pressure • - Concentration of NaCl • - Concentration of Ammonia • - CO2 flow rate • - Mixing • - Time

  9. Experimental Setup

  10. PRECIPITATE

  11. Experimental Work Experiments were conducted at 25 oC

  12. Process Flow Diagram

  13. Evaporation % required for different feed types

  14. HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS Safety of the employees: - Complete training on each piece of equipment - Wear personal protective equipment The operating conditions (i.e. P, T, and concentration of chemicals) will always be within OSHA regulations and limits

  15. Conclusion • Effects of different parameters were investigated. • Optimum Conditions: • T = 20 oC • P = 2 atm • CO2 Flow Rate to reactor = 2 L/min • NH3/NaCl Ratio = 1 • Time of reaction = 2 hrs

  16. Conclusion • Proposed process has a low energy consumption since exhaust gases are available at high temperature. • Most of the raw materials are readily available at low cost. • Proposed process solves two environmental problems: • Reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. • Treatment of reject brine or formation water.

  17. Thank You for Your Attention Questions ????

More Related