1 / 24

Forestry 280 Features of Woods 28-47

Forestry 280 Features of Woods 28-47. Wide, oak-type ray. #28: Red Oak Quercus rubra. Latewood Pores. Earlywood Pores. Ray. EW Pores. LW Pores. Tyloses. Banded Parenchyma. #29: White Oak Quercus alba. #30: Live Oak Quercus virginiana.

katherine-natasha
Download Presentation

Forestry 280 Features of Woods 28-47

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Forestry 280Features of Woods 28-47

  2. Wide, oak-type ray #28: Red Oak Quercus rubra Latewood Pores Earlywood Pores

  3. Ray EW Pores LW Pores Tyloses Banded Parenchyma #29: White Oak Quercus alba

  4. #30: Live Oak Quercus virginiana • Semi-ring to diffuse porous; growth ring boundaries may be difficult to detect • Broad, oak-type ray • Aggregate ray • Narrow rays also present

  5. “Flame-shaped groups of LW pores” #31: American Chestnut Castanea dentata • Structure similar to oaks, but no wide, oak-type rays • Typically lower in density than oak • Tyloses often found

  6. Single row of EW pores LW pores in “wavy bands” (“ulmiform”) #32: American Elm Ulmus americana

  7. EW Pores often in “several” rows (2-6) #33: Slippery Elm (or Red Elm)Ulmus rubra WOW! Look at those ULMIFORM LW PORES!

  8. Earlywood Pores: Small and indistinct in intermittent, single row “A single interrupted row separated by smaller pores” #34: Rock Elm Ulmus thomasii

  9. Heartwood Color: Cream, light brown or light grayish brown w/yellowish cast Earlywood: More than one pore wide (akin to Slippery Elm) Latewood: Pores in wavy bands!! (Hackberry is in the Ulmaceae, or elm family) #35: Hackberry Celtis occidentalis

  10. LW Pores are in “nestlike groups”…sometimes forming concentric, interrupted bands – but not nearly so pronounced as in the elms. Loaded with tyloses! But, some samples have few to no tyloses… #36: Red Mulberry Morus rubra

  11. LOADED WITH TYLOSES: “USUALLY COMPLETELY OCCLUDED” LW pores in nested groups that form distinct concentric bands #37: Osage Orange Maclura pomifera

  12. Nested LW pores more isolated, sometimes coalescing EW Pores in 1-few rows; open (no tyloses) #38: Kentucky Coffeetree Gymnocladus dioicus

  13. #39: Honeylocust Gleditsia triacanthos • Looks a lot like Coffeetree – Don’t separate!! • Note the heartwood color of #38 & 39

  14. Pores often completely occluded with tyloses Note LW pore pattern! #40: Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia

  15. Avg. SG: 0.60 Heartwood Color: Light brown or grayish brown Sapwood Color: Creamy white Pore Distribution: Ring-porous Earlywood: 2-4 pores wide; pores mod. large, surrounded by lighter tissue Latewood: Pores solitary and in radial multiples of 2-3 Tyloses: Fairly abundant Rays: Not distinct to eye, but clearly visible w/hand lens #41: White Ash Fraxinus americana

  16. Avg. SG: 0.49 Heartwood Color: Grayish brown to medium or dark brown Sapwood Color: Creamy white Pore Distribution: Ring-porous Earlywood: 2-4 pores wide; pores large, surrounded by lighter tiss. Latewood: Pores solitary and in radial multiples of 2-3; not numerous Tyloses: Fairly abundant Rays: Not distinct to eye, but clearly visible w/hand lens #42: Black Ash Fraxinus nigra

  17. #43: Catalpa • Note heartwood color • Note lw pore patterns • Tyloses “variably abundant”

  18. Avg. SG: 0.38 Heartwood Color: Medium or cinnamon brown, often w/uneven streaks of color, fluted growth rings Pore Distribution: Semi-ring-porous Pores: Earlywood pores fairly large, decreasing to small in latewood, solitary or in radial multiples of 2 to several Tyloses: Moderately abundant Parenchyma: Short tangential lines of banded parenchyma visible w/hand lens Rays: Fine but visible #44: Butternut Juglans cinerea

  19. Avg. SG: 0.55 Heartwood Color: Medium brown to deep chocolate brown Pore Distribution: Semi-ring-porous Pores: Earlywood pores fairly large, decreasing to quite small in outer latewood, pores solitary or in radial multiples of 2 to several Tyloses: Moderately abundant Parenchyma: Short tangential lines of banded parenchyma visible with lens Rays: Fine, visible but not conspicuous w/lens #45: Black Walnut Juglans nigra

  20. Note the “fishnet” (or “lace-like”) pattern in lw, formed by intersection of the fine rays and banded parenchyma True hickories are ring-porous #46: HickoryA True Hickory: Shagbark HickoryCarya ovata

  21. Pecan hickories are semi-ring porous…this looks like a poor example! (See next slide) What are these diagonal, whitish lines??? #46: Hickory - Pecan HickoryCarya illinoensis

  22. #46 - Hickory, Carya, spp. Pecan Hickory True Hickory

  23. #47: Tanoak Lithocarpus densiflorus • Wood is DIFFUSE porous • The wide rays are “aggregate rays” that tend to be irregularly-spaced on the cross-section

  24. Acknowledgement • Photomacrographs by Zach Kriess • Supplemental photomacrographs (those with white text showing scientific name) courtesy of the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory

More Related