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Blood Supply to the Nervous System

Blood Supply to the Nervous System. Objectives. 1. Describe the importance of blood circulation to the brain. 2. List major arteries that transport blood to the cerebrum. 3. Describe region supplied by each major artery.

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Blood Supply to the Nervous System

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  1. Blood Supplyto the Nervous System

  2. Objectives • 1. Describe the importance of blood circulation to the brain. • 2. List major arteries that transport blood to the cerebrum. • 3. Describe region supplied by each major artery. • 4. Discuss general blood supply for brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord. • 5. List common points of anastomoses in the vascular system.

  3. Objectives • 6. Explain significance of potential collateral circulation. • 7. Describe venous-sinus system. • 8. Discuss mechanism of cerebrovascular accidents. • 9. Discuss common cerebrovascular accidents. • 10. Describe the mechanism regulating blood flow. • 11. Discuss the blood-brain barrier and its clinical significance.

  4. Blood Supply • Function: • Total Dependence of Nerve Cells

  5. Oxygen Deprivation Within the Brain • Without Adequate Blood Supply • Irreversible Damage • Site of Lesion

  6. Metabolic Needs of the Brain • Brain’s Metabolic Needs • Blood Flow to the Brain

  7. Drainage of Blood from the Brain • Veins and Sinuses

  8. Vascular Network • Blood Circulation to the Brain

  9. Vascular Network • Large Arteries • Small arteries • Arterioles with small diameters • Capillaries

  10. Cerebral Arteries: Lateral Brain and Cerebellar Surface • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.4

  11. Cerebral Arteries: Midsagittal Brain Surface • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.3

  12. Vascular Network • Veins • Venules

  13. Cerebral Venous Sinuses • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.7

  14. Cerebral Veins: Lateral Surface • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.8A

  15. Cerebral Veins: Midsagittal Surface • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.8B

  16. Cerebrovascular Supply • Two Arterial Systems:

  17. Cerebral Arteries • Love & Webb, 1996, Figure 3-7

  18. Cerebrovascular Supply: Carotid and Vertebral Basilar Systems • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1A

  19. Cerebrovascular Supply: Circle of Willis • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1B

  20. Cerebrovascular Supply: Cerebral Arterial Structure at Base of Brain • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.2

  21. Cerebrovascular Supply: Carotid System • Carotid System

  22. Cerebral Arteries • Love & Webb, 1996, Figure 3-7

  23. Cerebrovascular Supply: Carotid and Vertebral Basilar Systems • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1A

  24. Carotid System • External Carotid Artery and its Branches • Internal Carotid Artery and its Branches

  25. Cerebral Arteries • Love & Webb, 1996, Figure 3-7

  26. Carotid System • Internal Carotid

  27. Cerebrovascular Supply: Carotid and Vertebral Basilar Systems • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1A

  28. Vertebral Basilar System • Two Vertebral Arteries

  29. Cerebral Arteries • Love & Webb, 1996, Figure 3-7

  30. Cerebrovascular Supply: Carotid and Vertebral Basilar Systems • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1A

  31. Cerebrovascular Supply: Circle of Willis • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1B

  32. Cerebrovascular Supply: Cerebral Arterial Structure at Base of Brain • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.2

  33. Vertebral Basilar System • Branches

  34. Cerebrovascular Supply: Circle of Willis • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1B

  35. Cerebrovascular Supply: Cerebral Arterial Structure at Base of Brain • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.2

  36. Vertebral Basilar System • Posterior Spinal Artery • Function: • Circulatory Disorders

  37. Vertebral Basilar System • Anterior Spinal Artery • Pathway: • Function: • Circulatory Disorders

  38. CorticobulbarTract • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 14.3A

  39. CorticospinalTract • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 14.3B

  40. Vertebral Basilar System • Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery • Function:

  41. Vertebral Basilar System • Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries

  42. Vertebral Basilar System • Pontine Level

  43. Cerebrovascular Supply: Circle of Willis • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1B

  44. Vertebral Basilar System • Internal Auditory Artery • Function:

  45. Vertebral Basilar System • Superior Cerebellar Arteries • Pathway: • Function: • Circulatory Disorders:

  46. Circle of Willis • Shape: • Location: • Connections:

  47. Cerebrovascular Supply: Carotid and Vertebral Basilar Systems • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1A

  48. Cerebrovascular Supply: Circle of Willis • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.1B

  49. Cerebrovascular Supply: Cerebral Arterial Structure at Base of Brain • Bhatnagar & Andy, 1995, Figure 17.2

  50. Circle of Willis • Components: • Communicating Arteries • 1. • 2. • Proximal Portions of the Cortical Arteries • 1. • 2. • 3.

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