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Jim Anderson University of Minnesota

Doubling Wheat Variety Development Capacity. Jim Anderson University of Minnesota. Wheat Breeding Team. Testing Sites: Crookston Jochum Wiersma John Wiersma Galen Thompson Morris George Nelson Roseau Donn Vellekson Derek Crompton Lamberton Steve Quiring Waseca Tom Hoverstad.

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Jim Anderson University of Minnesota

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  1. Doubling Wheat Variety Development Capacity Jim Anderson University of Minnesota

  2. Wheat Breeding Team Testing Sites: Crookston Jochum Wiersma John Wiersma Galen Thompson Morris George Nelson Roseau Donn Vellekson Derek Crompton Lamberton Steve Quiring Waseca Tom Hoverstad Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Genetics Jim Anderson Sixin Liu Gary Linkert Brian Seda Catherine Springer Toi Tsilo Jennifer Flor Alex Rigor Susan Reynolds Ed Quirin Dept. of Plant Pathology Ruth Dill-Macky USDA-ARS Jim Kolmer Yue Jin David Garvin Gary Hareland Ann. Rept. Agric. Expt. Stn. Univ. MN, 1900

  3. Wheat Breeding Priorities Agronomic Characteristics 1. Yield 4. Shattering 2. Lodging resistance 5. Kernel color 3. Test Weight 6. Pre-harvest sprouting resistance Diseases 1. Fusarium head blight (scab) 4. Leaf Spotting (Tan Spot, Septoria's) 2. Leaf Rust 3. Stem Rust Bread-Making Quality Characteristics 1. % protein 4. Flour Water Absorp. 2. Mixing Properties 5. Kernel Hardness 3. Loaf Volume 6. Milling Yield 7. Percent Flour Ash

  4. Constraints to IncreasingWheat Yields • Other traits: • End-use quality (negative correlation between yield and protein • Breeding for disease resistance (esp. scab and leaf rust) • Straw strength • Breeding program size • It's a numbers game: the more you test, the better chance of finding a superior line

  5. Protein vs. Yield – 2007/2008 15.5 Glenn Vantage 15.0 Alsen Steele-ND Howard Oklee RB07 Briggs Granger Kelby Protein Rush Blade Cromwell 14.5 Freyr Tom Faller Ada 14.0 Hat Trick Samson Kuntz Traverse Knudson Bigg Red 13.5 Marshall 90 100 110 120 Grain Yield (% of mean)

  6. Scab Ratings Cab Disease Severity Grain Soundness Vomitoxin

  7. Leaf Rust

  8. Fungicide Reduces Leaf Rust Losses 68.5 59.1 Intensive: Feekes 5 (Stratego @ 5 fl.oz/acre)) Feekes 9 (Tilt @ 4 fl.oz/acre)) Feekes 10.51 (Folicur and Proline @ 3 fl.oz acre each))

  9. Straw Strength

  10. Expanding the MN Breeding Program • Increased number of lines tested • 500 crosses/yr. vs. current 300 • Double Preliminary yield trial lines from 370 to 740 • Increase number of testing locations • Currently, 3 locations until final testing (~10 lines, 7-12 locations) • Propose 8 locations for 2nd year yield trials • More fungicide-protected trials • Allows true yield potential to be realized • Start with ~100 Preliminary yield trial lines

  11. University of Minnesota Wheat Breeding Timeline No. (Loc.) No. (Loc.) Year Generation Current Expanded 1 Crossing/F1 (300) 300 500 F2 (300 x 1000) 300 x 1000 500 x 1000 2 F3 NZ 18,000 30,000 F4 Headrows 14,000 (1) 25,000 (2) 3 F5 Scab 1,400 (2) 2,500 (2) 4 NZ increase 600 1,000 Prelim. yield trial 370 (3) 740* (3) 5-6 Adv. yield trial 120 (3) 240* (8) 7-9 MN Variety trial 10* (7-12) 20* (12) * Includes some fungicide-protected trials Total No. of Yield Plots ~2,600 ~5,800 Lr, Sr FHB

  12. Variety Trial Locations 2008 Facts Acreage: 1.85 million acres Production: 100.8 million bushels Yield: 56 Bu/A Roseau * 3 * Stephen Crookston * Existing Locations * 2 New Locations for Advanced Yield Testing Morris * * St. Paul * * Lamberton Waseca

  13. DNA Markers Can Help Select Among the Larger Number of Lines DNA Markers Help: 1. Choose best parents for crossing 2. Enrich populations for desired genes 3. Keep yields of corn and soybeans increasing at 2-4% per year, too

  14. High-Throughput DNA Marker Screening Tissue Harvest Grinding PCR prep LiCor LiCor Image

  15. New DNA Markers for Dough Mixing Quality Liu et al. 2008. Theor. Appl. Genet. in press.

  16. Parent Allele Database

  17. RR & Rr rr 3 genes 4 genes 1 gene 2 genes 288/384 216/384 162/384 122/384 Marker-assisted Selection in F2's (discard rr from 384 individuals)

  18. Variety Survey - 2008

  19. Funding (2008) • MN Wheat Res. & Prom. Council • MN Agriculture Expt. Stn.(Lr) • MN Small Grains Initiative • U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative • USDA National Research Initiative • USDA CSREES WheatCAP

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