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Chapter 9 Earthquakes

Chapter 9 Earthquakes. Forces inside Earth. Elastic Limit – point at which rocks will remain bent or break, due to applied stresses. Faults – surfaces along which rocks break and move in different directions relative to the fault surface.

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Chapter 9 Earthquakes

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  1. Chapter 9Earthquakes

  2. Forces inside Earth • Elastic Limit – point at which rocks will remain bent or break, due to applied stresses. • Faults – surfaces along which rocks break and move in different directions relative to the fault surface. • Earthquake– the movement of the ground, caused by waves from energy released as rocks move along faults.

  3. Types of Faults

  4. Earthquake Information • Focus – the point in Earth’s interior where earthquake energy is released. • Epicenter – the point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquake’s focus.

  5. Seismic Waves • These are the waves of energy that move outward from the earthquake’s focus and make the ground shake • Primary Waves – travel through the Earth by causing particles in rocks to compress and stretch apart (back and forth) in the direction of the wave. FASTEST WAVES • Secondary Waves - travel through the Earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of the wave.

  6. Primary Waves – travel through the Earth by causing particles in rocks to compress and stretch apart (back and forth) in the direction of the wave. (FASTEST WAVES) • Secondary Waves - travel through the Earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of the wave.

  7. Surface Waves • These waves are emitted from the epicenter of an earthquake. Give particles an elliptical and back/forth motion. • These cause buildings to collapse. These waves cause the most destruction. (SLOWEST WAVES)

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