Reconstruction, Bourbon Democracy, The Progressive Era and WWI

1. Reconstruction, Bourbon Democracy, The Progressive Era and WWI CRCT year end review

2. What was reconstruction?The name given to the time period following the Civil War (1867 to 1877) in which Southern States were brought back to the Union

3. Conflict over Reconstruction

4. How did tenant farmers differ from sharecroppers? • Tenant farmers often owned animals, equipment and supplies and received part of the harvest – sharecroppers just contributed labor • There was no difference • Tenant farmers were relatives • Sharecroppers decided the crops to plant

5. Who was Henry McNeal Turner?Minister – well educated - Elected to House of Representatives in 1868 – denied his seat because by law had to be white to be in house of representatives

6. A review of Bourbon democracy

7. What was the International Cotton Exposition? • A series of Atlanta industrial fairs that spotlighted textile industry and recovery of the south • The railroad program demonstrating the fastest trains • Investigation into wrongdoing by the Bourbon Triumvirate • The meeting where Felton was elected to serve as senator

8. Who was Tom Watson? • A Georgia populist leader responsible for passage of the Rural Free Delivery Bill • The activist who married Rebecca Felton • An opponent of the grange and farmer’s alliance • He replaced Felton when she died in office

9. The first woman senator was • Georgia’s Rebecca Latimar Felton • We haven’t had one yet • Hamilton Holmes • Charlayne Hunter

10. What was “the New South” • Term used by editor of Atlanta Constitution (Henry Grady) to urge Georgians to forget the past and create new south by bringing industry into the south • Political platform of Tom Watson • Ku Klux Klan scare tactics • Policies of Bourbon Triumvirate

11. The 1906 Atlanta Race Riot was • Caused in response to Dr. Martin Luther King’s March on Washington • A response to sensationalized newspaper articles alleging black men assaulted white women • The race between black and white mayoral candidates • Riots after the admission of black students to University of Georgia

12. How was Anti Semitism evident in Georgia during the 1900’s? • The kidnapping of Leo Frank from his prison cell and subsequent hanging • The passage of Jim Crow laws • The Plessy v Ferguson case • All of the above

13. What was the county unit system? • Voting method that assigned each county two unit votes in the election for each representative in the lower house • Method that allowed rural county votes higher weight/representation • Challenged in US Supreme Court in 1962 and found illegal • All of the above

14. The county unit system favored • Industries • Farms • African Americans • Republicans

15. How did Jim Crow laws discriminate? • They made it illegal to have separate schools, restaurants and hotels • They made it legal to have separate schools, restaurants and hotels • They enforced the 15th amendment • They stopped poll taxes

16. Why did the courts say Plessy was guilty? • He was 7/8 white so he should not have been in the “black car” to begin with • Plessy was a slave and did not have rights • Separate facilities were legal as long as they were equal, therefore Plessy belonged in the “blacks only” car • The 14th amendment wasn’t yet passed

17. How was disenfranchisement of blacks accomplished in 1900s? • Creating reading programs to help blacks read • Providing transportation assistance • Literacy tests and poll taxes • Multiracial primary elections

18. How did the Klan prevent African Americans from voting? • Surrounded polling places to frighten black voters • Burned black churches and schools • Whipped, murdered blacks across the south • All of the above

19. How did Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois differ? • DuBois favored full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans while Washington believed equality could be achieved through vocation education • Washington favored full political, civil and social rights for African Americans while DuBois believed equality could be achieved through vocation education • Neither of the above – they did not differ • Washington worked through the NAACP, DuBois did not believe in them

20. How did John and Lugenia Burns Hope further the advancement of African Americans? • John and Lugenia established the NAACP • John established a college specializing in graduate education of African Americans • Lugenia Burns Hope founded the Neighborhood union, a black social organization • 2 and 3 above

21. How did WWI begin? • When heir to the throne of Austria Hungary was assassinated • When a world famous painting was stolen out of a museum in Austria • When the Nazi party came into power • When Europe disagreed with the US presidential elections

22. What were the causes of WWI? • Spirit of isolationism in Europe, political and economic partnership, shrinking military • Spirit of nationalism in Europe, political and economic partnership, expanding military • Spirit of nationalism in Europe, military alliances, political and economic rivalry • Rise of the United States disrupting European power balance

23. What drew the United States into WWI? • The creation of the Central Powers of Austria Hungary, Germany and the Ottoman Empire • The creation of the Allied powers of Great Britain, Russian Empire and France • When Germany sunk the British passenger Lusitania and other American ships • When Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated at Sarajevo in Bosnia

24. Georgia’s contributions to the war effort:Close to 100,000 Georgians served in the armed forcesIncrease demand for food and need for canning increased farming and industryCommercial canning/meat industry in Moultrie, Atlanta, Augusta and SavannahGeorgians housed prisoners of war for US govtWar Department established camp at Fort Oglethorpe to hold German merchant seaman (1917)Fort McPherson treated wounded soldiers

25. List three things Georgia contributed to the war effort • Nuclear weapons, the Cherokee syllabary to use for code talking, frozen food capabilities • Armed forces, food industry, housing for prisoners of war • the bollweevil, biological weapons, Bell Aircraft • Delta airlines, Home Depot and coca cola

26. Why didn’t Georgians enjoy the “roaring 20’s” of prosperity? • World War I took a great financial toll on Georgia • Georgia agriculture suffered from a drought and the boll weevil • Military were deployed over seas • Race riots made businesses avoid Georgia

27. Cotton production in 1923 • Increased due to better technology • Decreased due to crop rotation by farmers in Georgia • Dropped to one third its usual level • Increased by 40% due to availability of tractors

28. Which was NOT associated with the stock market crash? • Black Tuesday • 1929 • The beginning of the Great Depression • The increase price for in cotton due to boll weevil decreasing production

29. The Great Depression • Was not caused by one thing, but the result of several economic problems • Caused in part by overproduction by industry • Caused in part by US banks unwisely loaning money to struggle Europe post WWI • All of the above

30. Spending prior to the Great Depression • Was decreased as most people saved money • Was decreased due to people tiring of the work life and quitting their jobs • Included too many purchases on credit by people with low wages • Was decreased due to low import taxes

31. Who am I? “serving three terms as Governor, I appealed to Georgia’s farmers, opposed desegregation and even opposed FDR’s New Deal” • Andrew Young • Lester Maddox • Eugene Talmadge • Herman Talmadge

32. Which agency would help put young men back to work, preserve the nation’s natural resources and include park improvements such as Cloudland Canyon • Rural electrification • Agricultural Adjustment Act • Social Security • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

33. This set up legislation to pay farmers a subsidy to plant less cotton and other crops to decrease supply and increase demand • Rural electrification • Agricultural Adjustment Act • Social Security • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

34. This offered low interest loans to organizations to build power lines in less populated areas • Rural electrification • Agricultural Adjustment Act • Social Security • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

35. Created insurance for elderly, unemployed and disabled people through contributions made by employers and employees • Rural electrification • Agricultural Adjustment Act • Social Security • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)