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Civil War - Part 1. Introduction and Opening Shot. Why is it called the “Civil” War?. Definitions of civil on the Web:. applying to ordinary citizens; not rude; of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state;
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Civil War - Part 1 Introduction and Opening Shot
Definitions of civil on the Web: • applying to ordinary citizens; • not rude; • of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state; • of or relating to or befitting citizens as individuals;
Why is it called the “Civil” War? Only two choices in wars: Civil War and every other kind of war. Civil War= Your own country is the enemy. For example – The Civil War was a fight of Americans vs. Americans on American soil.
Civil War Friends Example • All war is bad. • A Civil War is particularly nasty. • It is like when your friends fight. • No matter what side you pick, people get hurt.
Brother Fighting Brother • Families were split. • Some members of a family would join the South and some would join the North. • Sometimesbrothers would actually meet on the battlefield and fight against one another.
Opening Shot1861 • The South was taking control of many Federal buildings and forts. • (federal means U.S. Government, North, or Union) • The North refused to give up some of their buildings and forts.
Fort Sumter (a Union fort) was a key fort on the coast of South Carolina. North South
Illustrated Map of Charleston Harbor Charleston, South Carolina Fort Sumter Atlantic Ocean Ships
Lincoln Forces the Issue • Lincoln refused to take the North’s troops out of Fort Sumter. • The South did not want to start the shooting and be blamed for starting the war. • The South warned Lincoln to not resupply the island fortress. • When Lincoln decided to resupply the fort, the South attacked it.
After a 34 hour bombardment Fort Sumter surrendered and the South captured it.
Importance of Bull Run (picnic battle) July 16, 1861 1) 1st Major battle of the Civil War. 2) People were shocked by the huge number of casualties. 3) Northern soldiers retreat…South doesn’t follow but doeswin the battle. 4) Both the North and the South realized it was not going to be a quick bloodlesswar.
General Lee Invades the North The Southern Armies were under the command of General Robert E. Lee. The South won several battles over the North in 1861-1862. General Lee decided to invade the North.
Reasons to Invade 1) He hoped a win on Northern soil would force President Lincoln to sign a peace treaty ending the war. 2) He also hoped that England or France would see how strong the South was and help the Southern side.
The Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 The North and the South met at a place called Antietam. They fought all day. At the end of the day the Union declared victory.
The Importance 1)Antietam was the single bloodiest day in American History. Both sides added together, had 23,000 casualties. 2) It was the victory Lincoln had been waiting for. After the battle, Lincoln gave the Emancipation Proclamation.
Emancipation Proclamation January 1, 1863 Freed all the slaves in the South. Not the slaves in the North. Why? Because he didn’t want to lose the border states. (MO, KY, MD, & DE)
