Fariha Urooj

1. Fariha Urooj • Ph.D. Scholar, Wastewater Treatment Lab, Directorate of Research and Development, Punjab University. Topic A Novel Approach for Bleaching Cotton Substrate including Surgical Cotton

2. AOP Based Cotton Bleaching Fariha Arooj And Irfan Ahmad PhD Project, Punjab University, Lahore, PAKISTAN

3. Introduction Who are we?

4. AOP Research Group Under the Supervision of:

6. AOP Research Group Working on: Domestic wastewater Textile Wastewater Tannery Wastewater Pulp and paper Wastewater

7. This is a State of the Art Lab with Leading Edge Technology Solution Primarily purpose is simple: To Solve the Problems Faced by the Industry !

10. Recent PhD Project Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

11. A New Washing-Off Method for Reactive Dyeing of Cotton In Collaboration with Thies-Germany

12. Other Activities in Wastewater Treatment Research Lab: Trainings Consultancy Research Waste Treatment / Analysis Water Analysis Etc.

13. Achievements

14. Industrial Plant by M/S Thies Germany

15. Publications

17. What is AOP? Advanced oxidation can be defined as a process in which the oxidative capacity of a parent compound is modified to make oxidation- reduction reactions more rapid and complete by generating hydroxyl radicals.

19. Major types of AOPs • H2O2 • UV Process • Fenton Process • Ozonation • UV/ H2O2 • O3 /H2O2 • O3 /UV • O3 /H2O2 /UV • Photocatalysis

20. AOP Based Cotton Bleaching Green solution….

21. Conventional Bleaching Consumption of high energy Longer treatment time Extensive use of chemicals like surfactants, stabilizers, peroxide killers etc. Highly alkaline effluent requires neutralization. High environmental loads resulting from waste water Storage problems Treatment and disposal cost

22. Benefits of AOP Bleaching processing at low temperature No by products & reduces effluent load Less acid is required for neutralization Shorter treatment times No use of chemicals Less energy consumption Higher oxidation potential

23. Objectives • To develop an AOP based cost-effective and efficient technology for the bleaching of cotton fabrics. • To optimize the process by studying various parameters such as pH, time, temperature etc. • To evaluate the impact of AOPs on the quality of bleached fabrics. • To make a comparison between the conventional and AOP based bleaching of cotton.

24. Quality of Bleached Fabric The quality of fabric is assessed by: • Whiteness • Absorbency • Dye uptake • Bursting Strength • Degree of Polymerization • Extent of Chemical Modification in terms of Copper number

25. Materials and Methods • 100% cotton, single jersey, knitted fabric having 180 gsm (grams per squared meter) was used. • The bleached samples were measured for whiteness index using spectrophotometer SF 500 by data color. • The color difference (∆E) values of the dyed samples were determined using the 1976 CIE L*, a* and b* (CIELAB) equation. • The fluidity of cotton fabric was measured according to AATCC test method 82-1996. • The fehling test was used to assess the chemical damage to cellulose

26. Results and Discussion

27. Conventional Bleach Bath AOP Bleach Bath

29. Conclusion • The present report reveals that the grey cotton fabric can be bleached using AOPs to achieve the desired degree of whiteness with minimum damage to cellulose in a short time period. • The AOP bleaching has several advantages including elimination of scouring processes, savings in energy and chemicals, and no effluent loading.

30. Future Study • We intend to extend these processes to bleach surgical cotton for future research.

31. THANKING YOU