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Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus )

Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ). Key concepts Center of origin Monoecious Gynoecious Parthenocarpic Slicing versus pickling cucumbers Quality characteristics Problems. Originated in Africa or Asia. Why the uncertainty? Ancient trade routes connected and India

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Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus )

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  1. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Key concepts • Center of origin • Monoecious • Gynoecious • Parthenocarpic • Slicing versus pickling cucumbers • Quality characteristics • Problems

  2. Originated in Africa or Asia • Why the uncertainty? • Ancient trade routes connected and India • A network of sea routes linked the incense ports in Saudi Arabia and with ports in the Persian Gulf and India • Goods freely flowed along these routes

  3. Cucumber center of origin • What is a center of origin? • Where the crop species or its grow in the wild • Two processes • Utilization as a food • Ability to grow as a crop • Some crops spread rapidly from center of origin others spread is slower • Cucumber – rapid spread • - slow spread

  4. Separate male and female flowers • Separate male and female flowers • _____________ • Require bee pollination • Will produce _______ flowers first • Produce 10-20 times more flowers • Release pollen and fall off

  5. Gynoecious cultivars • Have all ______ flowers • Why use a gynoecious cultivar? • Energy not used to produce _______ flowers • Can produce more fruit • Usually a small amount of seed from a _______ cultivar is mixed in as the pollinator

  6. Parthenocarpic cucumbers • Produce fruit without _________ • Often used in greenhouse production • Why? • Differences from field grown cucumbers • Longer and thinner • Plants are grown upright • __________ • Flavor is better? • Is it worth the additional cost?

  7. Cucumber – Slicing • Used fresh without addition _________ • Look for: • Dark, smooth skin • Small diameter

  8. Burpless cucumber • These are mild in ______ and thin-skinned • Some people get stomach problems when they eat cucumber skin • Probably don’t stop burping and name comes from ______ Seed Company

  9. Cucumber - Pickling • Pickling • Used for making ________ and sometimes fresh • Types of pickles depend on: • Preparation (i.e. dills) • Size

  10. West Indies Gerkin or bur cucumber • Derived from an African species • Brought to Americas directly from ________ • Extensively grown in ______ _______ • Almost ______ fruit used for pickles • Gerkin also used to describe small pickles

  11. Slicing Cucumbers vs. Pickling

  12. Cucumbers: Harvesting • Pick before the _______ start to mature • Fruit that contains immature _________ is preferred • Do not allow cucumbers to turn yellow • Yellow fruit are overly mature • Often have a _________ taste

  13. Cucumbers: Problems • Cucumber beetle • Must be controlled because they transmit _________ _________ • Control • Synthetic insecticides • Exclusion with row _________ • Poor fruit quality • Incomplete __________ • Drought during pollination and fruit development

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