Gabe Tucker, Ashlee Shoup , Hunter Spalenka , Brynne Davies- Hackenberg

1. Gabe Tucker, Ashlee Shoup, Hunter Spalenka, BrynneDavies-Hackenberg ANCIENT EGYPTIAN MUMMIFICATION: PURPOSE AND PROCESS ANCIENT EGYPTIAN MUMMIFICATION: PURPOSE AND PROCESS

2. The word “mummy” comes from the Arabic word “mumiya” which means “a body preserved in bitomen” They believed that the body was still needed for their next life Mummification is the process of preserving and embalming the dead body in the belief that the body would be needed in the afterlife Mummies

3. In the Old Kingdom, only Pharaohs and their top advisors were mummified In the Middle and New Kingdoms, the general population was mummified The tradition started with myths of ancient Egyptian gods History

4. Every person was believed to have three souls, Ka, Ba, and Akh They were mummified to preserve bodies for the afterlife Purpose

5. It was very long and expensive • There were three basic ways • The poor people had graves near the desert because the hot and dry climate caused mummification naturally • It took 70 days • 15 to clean • 40 to dry • 15 to wrap and paint Process

6. An announcement of death would be made. The body would be stripped and placed on a board The brain would be taken out The chest would be cut open and the organs were removed, except for the heart The body cavity was dried out The body was wrapped A burial mast was placed over the body The body was placed in a sarcophagus First way to mummify

7. Inject body with cedar oil through the rectum Dry the body with Natron Second and third way of mummification are very similar Second way to mummify

8. At first the organs were placed inside of Canopic jars Later they started returning the organs to the body Solid wood jars or stone Canopic jars were buried wit the mummy to symbolically protect the internal organs Resemble four gods known as the sons of Horus INTERNAL ORGANS INTERNAL ORGANS

9. Organ Protectors Imsety the human – looks after the liver Hapy the baboon – looks after the lungs Duamutef the jackal – looks after the stomach Qebehsenuef the falcon – looks after the intestines

10. Mummification The type of mummification depended upon the family’s wealth Some bodies became mummies because they were favorable natural conditions when they died, other were preserved and buried with care