Characteristics of living things

1. Characteristics of living things

2. The 8 Characteristics of Life All Living Things… • are made up of cells (one cell = unicellular / many cells = multicellular) • reproduce (on their own = asexual / with another parent = sexual) • have a genetic code (DNA) with instructions for growing and reproducing • grow and develop • use energy and materials • respond to their environment • control the conditions inside their bodies (maintain homeostasis) • Groups of living things adapt/evolve/change over time. • Objectives for Class: • List 6 of 8 characteristics that all living things share

3. Two Main Cell Types • Eukaryotic (eu = true; karyote = kernel/nucleus) • Cells that have a nucleus in which their DNA/ chromosomes are stored • Cells that are larger and more complex • Prokaryotic (pro = before; karyote = kernel/nucleus) • Cells that don’t have a nucleus (DNA just floats around in the cell) • Cells that are smaller and simpler • Class Objective: • Distinguish between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

4. Two main cell types:PROKARYOTESandEUKARYOTES Epithelial Cells w/ Bacilli (bacteria) White Blood Cell w/ Cocci (bacteria) • Class Objective: • Distinguish between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

5. Two main cell types:PROKARYOTESandEUKARYOTES Prokaryotes Eukaryotes • Class Objective: • Distinguish between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

6. Domains & kingdoms of life

7. Domain Bacteria • unicellular/microscopic • prokaryotic (tiny cells with no nucleus) • very diverse – live and eat in many different ways • Objectives for Class: • Identify and explain two defining characteristics of each kingdom and domain.

8. Domain Archaea • unicellular/microscopic • Prokaryotic (no nucleus) • live in extreme environments (very hot, salty, or acidic places) • Objectives for Class: • Identify and explain two defining characteristics of each kingdom and domain.

9. Domain Eukarya • unicellular OR multicellular • all have nucleus • eukaryotic (bigger cells w/ nucleus and organelles) • includes 4 Kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia • Objectives for Class: • Identify and explain two defining characteristics of each kingdom and domain.

10. Kingdom Protista • all are eukaryotic; most are unicellular • most live in water • “miscellaneous” category – some are like plant cells, some are like animal cells • Objectives for Class: • Identify and explain two defining characteristics of each kingdom and domain.

11. Kingdom Fungi • mostly multicellular • decomposers (feed on dead/decaying things) ex: mushrooms, mold, yeast • Objectives for Class: • Identify and explain two defining characteristics of each kingdom and domain.

12. Kingdom Plantae • multicellular • use photosynthesis to make food from sunlight, CO2, and water • Objectives for Class: • Identify and explain two defining characteristics of each kingdom and domain.

13. Kingdom Animalia • multicellular • eat other living things for food • most can move • Objectives for Class: • Identify and explain two defining characteristics of each kingdom and domain.

14. Biological classification system

15. DOMAIN Eukarya Largest category Hierarchical Classification System: • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species Smallest & most specific category

16. Species Definition and Examples Species – a specific group of living things that have similar characteristics, similar DNA, and can reproduce with each other to make fertile offspring (this means their babies can also have babies) Example: tiger + tiger = baby tiger (which grows up to reproduce) lion + tiger = liger (a hybrid which can’t reproduce) • Every species has a 2-part Latin name: Genus species Ex: Canis lupus (wolf) Genus name Specific name