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Spanish Conquest

Spanish Conquest. Spain wanted to expand their empire by controlling the Americas Wanted riches of the land and to spread Christianity Expeditions were led by conquistadors – soldiers and adventurers in search of glory, gold and land Conquistadors wore suits of armor and steel helmets.

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Spanish Conquest

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  1. Spanish Conquest • Spain wanted to expand their empire by controlling the Americas • Wanted riches of the land and to spread Christianity • Expeditions were led by conquistadors – soldiers and adventurers in search of glory, gold and land • Conquistadors wore suits of armor and steel helmets. • They would often use American Indians as guides

  2. Cortes 1519 Spain • Conquistador that explored Mexico in 1519 • Conquered the Aztecs Empire (Tenochtitlan) in 1521 • Most of the riches of the Aztec village were sent to Spain • Cortes built Mexico City where Tenochtitlan once stood

  3. Pineda – 1519 Spain • Searched for a northern waterway to the Pacific Ocean • Followed the coastline from Florida to Texas in the Gulf of Mexico • First European to map the Texas coast

  4. Cabeza de Vaca – 1527 – 1536 Spain • Built small boats and eventually landed near Matagorda Bay, Texas • Took over the expedition after Narvaez drowned when his poorly anchored boat washed out to sea. • Lived with the Karankawas where himself and the crew were held captive • Worked as a servant, trader and healer • Kept a journal about his life with the Karankawas

  5. Estevanico • 1st African to explore the Texas coast. • Traveled with Cabeza De Vaca and served as a trader, translator and guide • Was killed by the Zuni Indians while serving as a guide for Niza in searching for the lost cities of gold.

  6. Coronado – 1540 Spain • Went in search of Cibola – Niza was his guide • Reached Cibola and conquered the Zuni Indians, but they did not find any gold • Sent Niza back to Mexico City • Heard tales of Quivira, another city full of gold • Traveled throughout Texas but never found gold

  7. De Soto – 1539 Spain • Also searched for Cibola • Landed in Florida in 1539 • Explored the southern United States • Died of a fever in 1542 • Moscos Alvarado took command of the expedition

  8. Moscoso – 1542 Spain • Led the expedition toward Mexico City • Never found any gold • Reported back to Spain about the geographically varied land • Spain was only interested in gold and silver • Spanish expeditions slowed at this point since they never found any riches

  9. Onate – 1598 Spain • After the Coronado & de Soto expeditions Spain lost interest in the “New Spain” since it didn’t produce and treasures or riches • During the 1550’s and 1590’s a new goal was to spread Christianity and look for riches one last time • In 1598 Onate took 500 colonists north to settle • He claimed the Rio Grande region for Spain • The settlement was not successful • Spain lost interest in Texas for the next 80 years

  10. La Salle – 1682 France • In 1682 La Salle sought to expand the French Empire • Claimed the land that drained by the Mississippi for France and named it Louisiana after King Louis XIV. • Returned to France in 1684 and requested to set up a colony in the region • Became lost and landed in Martagorda Bay, Texas in 1685

  11. La Salle • Set up Fort St. Louis with 300 soldiers and settlers • Hunger and disease killed many settlers • They were attacked by the Karankawas • By July 1685, over half of the settlers were dead • La Salle decided to look for help. He left with 17 soldiers. While on his journey he was killed. • In 1688-1689 the settlement was attacked by the Karankawas, they killed all the adults and took the 5 children captive. (They were later rescued by other expeditions) • La Salle was blamed for the failure of this expedition

  12. Spanish Reaction • Spain realized that France had gained control of their territory • They knew they had to start settling the area to keep their power in North America • This began a time of Spanish Missions….

  13. Effects of Spanish Exploration • Spanish changed the lives of the Native people by spreading diseases such as measles and smallpox • American Indians died from this disease because they had never been exposed before • Brought new plants and animals such as bananas, cattle, and horses • Took back to Spain American plants and animals, such as corn, peanuts and turkey • Horses changed the lives of the plains Indians, who learned to become better hunters and fighters

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