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Protein Synthesis Review

Protein Synthesis Review. A codon consist of…. Three consecutive nitrogen bases of mRNA. One codon translates into 1 amino acid. . A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called…. A mutation. What nitrogen bases are found in DNA?. Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Thymine (T) Adenine (A).

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Protein Synthesis Review

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  1. Protein Synthesis Review

  2. A codon consist of…. • Three consecutive nitrogen bases of mRNA. • One codon translates into 1 amino acid.

  3. A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called… • A mutation.

  4. What nitrogen bases are found in DNA? • Cytosine (C) • Guanine (G) • Thymine (T) • Adenine (A)

  5. What nitrogen bases are found in mRNA? Cytosine Guanine Adenine Uracil

  6. What are the differences between DNA and mRNA? • DNA is double stranded and mRNA is single stranded. • DNA cannot leave the nucleus and mRNA can leave the nucleus. • DNA has Thymine and mRNA has Uracil. • DNA has deoxyribose sugar and mRNA has ribose sugar.

  7. What types of living things contain DNA? • All living things. • Plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, protists.

  8. What amino acid does the codon CAC translate to? • Histine

  9. What amino acid does the codon AAU translate to? • ASN

  10. Complete the following DNA sequence: 5’ ACCTCGAAT 3’ • 3’ TGGAGCTTA 5’

  11. What process is shown in the diagram? What is it’s function? • DNA replication • The function of replication is to produce an exact copy of DNA for cell reproduction. • This process ensures consistency.

  12. What holds the complementary nitrogen bases together on a DNA molcule? • Hydrogen bonds

  13. What shape is DNA? • Double helix • Double stranded • Twisted ladder

  14. What is the function of DNA? Carries the code for the information for what proteins will be made by the cell.

  15. What is the function of a ribosome? • To translate mRNA into a protein. • Synthesize protein.

  16. A change in the DNA code is called a… • Mutation • Mutations can occur naturally or be caused by a mutagen like UV rays. • Mutations increase genetic diversity when they cause a positive change in the organism. • Mutations can cause genetic diseases. • Mutations may have no effect at all.

  17. A piece of DNA that is transcribed onto mRNA and translated into a protein is called…. • An exon. • Exons are expressed.

  18. DNA that does not transcribe and code for protein is called… • An intron. • Introns are left in the nucleus.

  19. What mRNA bases would complement the following DNA strand? ATTCCGATCATC • UAAGGCUAGUAG

  20. What molecule carries DNA’s message to the ribosome? • mRNA

  21. What is being produced in this diagram? • A protein • A polypeptide chain • This process is translation

  22. What is the function of the figure in the diagram? • Carries amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis. • tRNA’s anticodon matches to the mRNA’s codon and assembles amino acids in the correct order to produce a protein.

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