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It’s Logical

It’s Logical. What Does Logic involve on the EoC ?. Making inferences and drawing conclusions in a text. Choosing a logical word to complete an analogy Analyzing cause/effect relationships in a text. Differentiating between the implied and evidence of a given argument.

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It’s Logical

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  1. It’s Logical

  2. What Does Logic involve on the EoC? • Making inferences and drawing conclusions in a text. • Choosing a logical word to complete an analogy • Analyzing cause/effect relationships in a text. • Differentiating between the implied and evidence of a given argument. • 5. Identifying a statement that reveals the author’s biases, stereotypes, assumptions, or values in a writing sample. • 6. Identifying the false premise in a text. • 7. Identify the main claims, evidence, or conclusion of a given argument. • 8. Select a rebuttal statement that best refutes a writer’s viewpoint. • 9. Distinguish the strongest or weakest point of a given argument.

  3. Let’s look at a logic Question

  4. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.7 Differentiate between theimplied and stated evidence of a given argument.

  5. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.12 Select an additional sentence to add to an argument within a persuasive text.

  6. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.13 Select a rebuttal statementthat best refutes the writer’s viewpoint.

  7. KEY TERMS • Argument: A conclusion together with the premises that support it. • Premise: A reason offered as support for another claim. • Conclusion: A claim that is supported by a premise. • Valid: An argument whose premises genuinely support its conclusion. • Unsound: An argument that has at least one false premise. • Fallacy: An argument that relies upon faulty reasoning.

  8. Monty Python’s Witch Trial • http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=77486

  9. Breakdown of the Argument • 1. All witches are things that can burn. • 2. All things that can burn are made of wood. • 3. Therefore, all witches are made of wood. (from 1 & 2) • 4. All things that are made of wood are things that can float. • 5. All things that weigh as much as a duck are things that can float. • 6. So all things that weigh as much as a duck are things that are made of wood. (from 4 & 5) • 7. Therefore, all witches are things that weigh as much as a duck. (from 3 & 6) • 8. This thing is a thing that weighs as much as a duck. • 9. Therefore, this thing is a witch. (from 7 & 8)

  10. Examples • Example 1: Whichever basketball team scores the most points will win the game. Virginia scored more points than UNC. Therefore, Virginia won the game. • In Example 1, the first two sentences are premises and the third is the conclusion. The argument is valid, for the two premises provide genuine support for the conclusion.

  11. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.10 Identify a false premise in text

  12. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.2 Choose a logical word to complete an analogy

  13. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.14 Distinguish the strongest or weakest point of a given argument.

  14. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.12 Select an additional sentence to add to an argument within a persuasive text.

  15. Performance Indicator: 3003.5.1 Make inferences and drawconclusions based on evidence in text.

  16. 3003.5.10 Identify a false premise in text

  17. 3003.5.4 Analyze cause-effect relationships in text

  18. LET’S PRACTICE INFERRING • Read this paragraph from a memoir and then answer the questions that follow. • I quickly packed my suitcase. I tossed in a change of clothes, a • toothbrush, and a hairbrush. Glancing at my watch, I zipped the suitcase • and walked to the front door. After I shut the window blinds, I pulled a heavy • coat from the closet. • 1. Based on information in the passage, what is a reasonable inference to • make about the narrator’s plans? • ___________________________________________________________ • 2. Write down any words in the passage that helped you make this inference. • 3. Which inference is supported by specific information in the passage? • The narrator has new luggage. • The narrator is going to take a short trip. • The narrator likes being outdoors in winter. • The narrator is going to the airport.

  19. Cause and Effect

  20. Cause AND effect • Causes and effects deal with reasons and results. • CAUSE- I left my lights on in the mall parking lot. • Effects- My battery ran down. I had to find someone with jumper cables. I was late to my doctor’s appointment. • Cause- I watched T.V. instead of studying for my history exam. • Effects- I failed my history test. My nine week’s grade went down 1 letter. My G.P.A. suffered. I didn’t get that scholarship to U.T. because that 1 “C” pulled my overall G.P.A. down too low for the minimum needed to qualify for it.

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