Relative Clause 1

1. Relative Clause 1 Grammar and Vocabulary Ⅱ December 6, 2011

2. Let’s begin with a small talk Q1: What are these?

3. Q2: What is this?

4. Toys That Make Music Are Hot This Year for Christmas Gifts • Experts say small collectible objects are hot items for children this year. The Fisher-Price Sing-a-ma-jigs are an example. These soft, brightly colored characters make music. But you have to make the beat by squeezing them. They make funny noises and can sing with other Sing-a-ma-jigs. Each costs about fifteen dollars. • Paper Jamz are also expected to be popular. These are paper-thin musical instruments. Inside are battery-operated devices that are very sensitive to touch. • Paper Jamz come with three songs built in and four ways to play the instrument. You can use the "freestyle" play and create all your own songs. Or you can use "perfect play" and out will come a hit song exactly as recorded by the artist. You can even play it with vocals or without. Paperjamz are made by WowWee and cost about twenty dollars. • http://www.voanews.com/learningenglish/home/usa/the-Christmas-Shopping-Season--110672724.html

5. Have you made any plans for Christmas this year? • What do you want for a Christmas present this year?

6. Relative clause • A kind of subordinate clause that describes a noun that comes before it in a main clause. • defining relative clause • non-defining relative clause • nominal relative clause • reduced relative clause

7. A defining relative clause says which person or thing is being talked about (e.g. A friend who lives in London is getting married). • A non-defining relative clause gives more information about the noun (e.g. My bicycle, which I've left outside your house, is over 20 years old).

8. A nominal relative clause begins with a WH-WORD or whatever, whenever, etc. and functions as a noun phrase in a sentence (e.g. What I need now is a long, hot bath). • A reduced relative clause usually begins with an -ing (present participle) or -ed (past participle) form and has a similar meaning to a relative clause (e.g. I met the people living in our old house. [=...who live in our old house], The new rules only affect people born before 1950 [=...who were born before 1950]).

9. Exercise 1 (1) I have a friend (who/which/whom) lives in Canada. ⇒ who (2) This is a coat (who/which/whose) I bought in London. ⇒ which (3) I remember a boy (whom/which/whose) I met in Paris. ⇒ whom

10. (4) That was the last ticket (who/that/those) was sold on that day. ⇒ that (5) Alan loves the girl (who/that/whose) mother is a nurse. ⇒ whose (6) (Which/What/That) impressed me was his earnest attitude. ⇒ What

11. (7) (Whoever/Whatever/Whichever) comes is welcome. ⇒ Whoever

12. Exercise 2 (1) You have a nice watch. [which is made in Switzerland] ⇒ You have a nice watch which is made in Switzerland. (2) The woman was a Singaporean. [whom I met yesterday] ⇒ The woman whom I met yesterday was a Singaporean.

13. (3) What is it? [which is on the desk] ⇒ What is it which is on the desk? (4) One of our friends is now ill in bed. [whom we have known for years] ⇒ One of our friends whom we have known for years is now ill in bed.

14. (5) The concert hall is famous. [whose name is after a great composer] ⇒ The concert hall whose name is after a great composer is famous. (6) I saw the boy at the bus stop. [whose parents are teachers] ⇒ I saw the boy whose parents are teachers at the bus stop.

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16. Take good care of yourself!