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Overview of Drug Use in the Hemisphere: Future Challenges Barbados, June 2005

INTER-AMERICAN DRUG ABUSE CONTROL COMMISSION Inter-American Observatory on Drugs (OID). Overview of Drug Use in the Hemisphere: Future Challenges Barbados, June 2005. Introduction. The Anti-drug Strategy in the Hemisphere, approved in 1996, states that :

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Overview of Drug Use in the Hemisphere: Future Challenges Barbados, June 2005

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  1. INTER-AMERICAN DRUG ABUSE CONTROL COMMISSION Inter-American Observatory on Drugs (OID) Overview of Drug Use in the Hemisphere: Future Challenges Barbados, June 2005

  2. Introduction • The Anti-drug Strategy in the Hemisphere, approved in 1996, states that: “Demand remains a powerful driving force for the production of and traffic in drugs. Every member of the global community has the responsibility to address the issue of demand and to reduce its incentive.“ OID-CICAD / OAS

  3. Reducing drug useWhat does it mean? What does it imply? • Basically, 3 things: • To know where we are • To do something about it • To know what happened OID-CICAD / OAS

  4. Reducing drug use • Know where we are • (1) Diagnosis • Do something about it • (2) Intervention • Know what happened • (3) Evaluation OID-CICAD / OAS

  5. (1) Diagnosis • Evaluate magnitude of drug use – establish baseline • Simple epidemiological studies:Prevalence • Study and detect risk factors and protection factors • More complex epidemiological studies OID-CICAD / OAS

  6. (2) Intervention • Objective: • Diminish risk factors • Reinforce protective factors • Prevention programs for different target populations: • Schools • Universities • Workplace community • General Population • Other... OID-CICAD / OAS

  7. (3) Evaluation • Prevalence studies: • Evaluate magnitude of drug use after intervention • Evaluate risk factors • Evaluate protective factors OID-CICAD / OAS

  8. CURRENTSITUATION: A GLOBAL OVERVIEW

  9. Current world situation Source: UNODC 2004 Report OID-CICAD / OAS

  10. Current situationGlobal trends in drug abuse • According to the UNODC report, drug consumption keeps growing, but losing impulse • Cannabis use is spreading • Amphetamine-type stimulants OID-CICAD / OAS

  11. CURRENT SITUATION: A HEMISPHERIC OVERVIEW

  12. Current situationOID/CICAD role in assistance on Research • The OID/CICAD delivers technical and financial assistance for research on drug use • Cooperates with countries in conducting this research • Work with and for the country • Has standardized methodologies for research in the countries OID-CICAD / OAS

  13. Current situationProjects assisted by OID/CICAD2003-2005 OID-CICAD / OAS

  14. Last year Prevalence of any drug, School Surveys

  15. Last year Prevalence of Cannabis North and South Am.- School Svys.

  16. Last year Prevalence of Cannabis Central-Am. and The Caribbean - School Svys.

  17. Last year Prevalence of Cocaine North and South Am.- School Svy.

  18. Last year Prevalence of Cocaine Central Am. and The Caribbean - School Svys. CENTRAL AMERICA 0.2 CRI'01 ESV'03 0.7 1.3 GUA'03 NIC'03 1.1 PAN'03 1.4 THE CARIBBEAN 1.2 BAR'02 1.3 BEL'02 0.0 DOM'02 1.5 GRE'02 0.4 GUY'02 0.3 RDO'03 SUR'02 0.2 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Rate (%)

  19. Trends • Monitoring of drug use must be ongoing • Under-reporting: what is important is the trend • Trends allow for a medium-term evaluation of intervention programs OID-CICAD / OAS

  20. USA School Survey: Last year Prevalences of any drug by grade

  21. USA School Survey: Last year Prevalences of cannabis for 10th grade

  22. ALCOHOL AND DRUGS

  23. Alcohol and Drugs • Alcohol is the substance most consumed in all the countries • It is responsible for a large proportion of accidents and deaths, and for demand for treatment OID-CICAD / OAS

  24. Last year Prevalence of Alcohol School Surveys

  25. Last year Prevalence of Alcohol and Cannabis in 24 countries – School Svys.

  26. Marijuana consumption by age of first use of Alcohol - 19 to 34 years old group Source: CONACE, Third National Study on Drugs – Chile General Pop. Svy., 2000

  27. Marijuana Consumption AFTER Alcohol Consumption by sex

  28. FUTURE CHALLENGES

  29. Future Challenges • Importance of having timely and reliable information • The need for research OID-CICAD / OAS

  30. Future Challenges:Research • Diagnosis • Intervention • Evaluation • Measurement of trends OID-CICAD / OAS

  31. Future Challenges:National Observatory • Role of National Drug Observatories: • Generate information • Process and analyze information • Access other sources of information • Provide policy-makers with information and proposals • Official source of reliable information of the country OID-CICAD / OAS

  32. Future Challenges:Financial Resources • Scarce • Diversify sources • Gradual increase in own resources • CICAD - UNODC Alliance OID-CICAD / OAS

  33. THE END

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