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Observation and Experiment Method

Observation and Experiment Method. Chapter 6. Observation Experimentation. Data Collection Approach. Investigative Question. Select Data Collection Approach. Measurement Questions. Instrument Design. Data Collection Approach. Investigative Question. Conditions, Behavior,

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Observation and Experiment Method

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  1. Observation and Experiment Method Chapter 6 Observation Experimentation

  2. Data Collection Approach Investigative Question Select Data Collection Approach Measurement Questions Instrument Design

  3. Data Collection Approach Investigative Question Conditions, Behavior, Events, Process Attitudes, Motivations, Intentions, Expectations Communication Approach (Survey) Observation Approach Self Administered Survey Phone Interview Personal Interview Instrument Design

  4. Metode Pertanyaan Investigatif • Observation • Maksudharusdisembunyikan • Mengantisipasibilarespondentidakbersediaberpartisipasi • Memilikiperalatanuntukmencatat/merekamsecaraakurat • Adakeharusansetingalamiah • Perlumencegahfilterasipesan • Hanyadibutuhkan data perilaku

  5. Metode Pertanyaan Investigatif Communication • Informasi dapat digali lebih cepat • Dapat menjangkau responden yg tersebar luas • Menggali informasi yang terpendam • Kerahasiaan nama perlu diperhatikan • Dapat menggali ekspektasi responden • Dapat menggali motivasi responden • Dapat menggali perilaku masa lalu • Dapat mengestimasi minat responden di masa datang • Perlu follow-up, pengingatan kembali • Diperlukan informasi yang lebih ekstensif

  6. OBSERVASI Penggunaan Studi Observasi: Non-behavioral & Behavioral Observation The Observer-Participant Relationship: directness of observation, concealment (cover up), participation Studi Observasi: tipe-studi, content specification, Observer training, data collection

  7. OBSERVASI (Data Kuantitatif) Metodepengumpulan data primer denganpengamatandanpencatatanatassuatuobyek/variabel yang ditelitisecaraterarah, teraturdantertib Pengamatandilakukandenganmendengar, melihat, membaca, mencium, maupunmenyentuh. TERARAH, dirumuskandenganjelasvariabel-variabelyang akandiamatidandicatat. TERATUR, dirumuskandenganjelasjadwalpelaksanaanpengamatandanpencatatan TERTIB, pengamatandanpencatatandilaksanakansesuaijadwal yang telahdibuat

  8. Investigative Questions Select Observation Approach Observation and the Research Process Measurement Questions Research Design Select Types of Observation Observation By Humans Prepare Error Prediction Plan Observation Subject unavailable Design Observer Training Prepare Observation Checklist Reschedule Observation Train Observer (s) Select Sample Element and Schedule Observation Observation Subject available Verify Observation Protocol Collect and Process Data

  9. YANG DILAKUKAN DALAM OBSERVASI BAHAVIORAL OBSERVATION • Non Verbal Analysis • Linguistic (Verbal) Analysis • Extra linguistic (Verbal & Non-verbal) Analysis • Spatial Analysis NON BEHAVIORAL OBSERVATION • Record Analysis • Physical Condition Analysis • Physical Process Analysis

  10. Observasi sebagai Instrument Mengumpulkan Data • Simple Observation, tidak distandarkan dan digunakan untuk eksplorasi. • Systematic Observation, jika riset tidak sekedar eksplorasi tetapi untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan spesifik dari peneliti, perlu prosedur yang standar, observer yang terlatih, jadwal pencatatan,

  11. Classification of Observation Studies

  12. Flowchart for Observation Checklist Design Measurement Questions Revise Check List Design Process Data for Observation Classification Administration Notations Target Observation Observation group A Participant ID Observation Location Pretest Observation Protocol Observation group B Observer ID Observation Timing Observation group C Observation Conditions Pretest Checklist and Observer Training Observation Checklist Designed Revise

  13. Data Collection Pada dasarnya untuk menjawab pertanyaan: • Who • What • When • How • Where

  14. DisainPenelitianBisnis: Experiments danTest Markets

  15. EXPERIMENTS Studi yang dilakukan peneliti dengan memberikan intervensi atau perlakuan terhadap obyek yang diteliti.

  16. Langkah-langkah dalam Eksperimen • Pilih variabel yang relevan • Tetapkan jenis dan tingkat perlakuan/intervensi yang akan dilakukan • Kendalikan variabel lingkungan yang bisa berpengaruh pada eksperimen • Pilih design eksperimentasinya • Pilih subyek yang diteliti • Lakukan eksperimen, revisi, dan pengujian • Analisis data

  17. Experimental Research Design Data Collection Design Sampling Strategy Select Relevant Variables Select Participants Specify Level of Treatment Assign participants To treatment levels Control the Experimental Environment Choose the Experimental Design Pilot Testing & Revision

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