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Microsoft DevBoston

Microsoft DevBoston. Topic – ASP.NET Web API. ASP.NET Web API 2. Andy Tapaswi .Net Architect @Magenic. Topics. What is ASP.Net Web API When to use WCF and When to use ASP.NET Web API New Features of ASP.NET Web API 2 OWIN OAuth 2 CORS OData Other Features.

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Microsoft DevBoston

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  1. Microsoft DevBoston • Topic – ASP.NET Web API

  2. ASP.NET Web API 2 Andy Tapaswi .Net Architect @Magenic

  3. Topics • What is ASP.Net Web API • When to use WCF and When to use ASP.NET Web API • New Features of ASP.NET Web API 2 • OWIN • OAuth 2 • CORS • OData • Other Features

  4. Web API connects to all HTTP aware clients Web API Web API Web API Devices Browsers Phones Tablets

  5. What is ASP.NET Web API • A fully supported and extensible framework for building HTTP based endpoints • Built on top of ASP.NET • Version 1.0 released along with MVC 4 in August 2012 • Version 2.0, released with ASP.NET MVC 5 (on .Net 4.5 and above) in October 2013 • Version 2.1, released on Jan 17th 2014

  6. Should I use WCF or ASP.NET Web API Use ASP.Net Web API If you need to reach wider and diverse cross platform clients / devices If you need to leverage the benefits of Http • Use WCF • If you are limited to .Net 3.5 • If you are exposing SOAP based services • If you need to support multiple protocols • If you need to support WS-* transaction • If you need to achieve message level security

  7. What’s new in ASP.NET Web API 2 Portable ASP.NET Web API Client IHttpActionResult Authentication Filters • OWIN integration / Katana Project • Security – OAuth 2.0 • Security - CORS • OData Improvements • Attribute routing • Request Batching

  8. ASP.NET and OWIN IntegrationKatana Project

  9. Why OWIN? • Large footprint even for a small web application • System.Web is too large to maintain and can’t support frequent release cycles Web Application ASP.Net IIS

  10. What is OWIN? • OWIN = Open Web Interface for .NET (www.owin.org) • A Specification that defines a common interface that decouples web apps from web servers • Inspired by the likes of node.js, Rack, WSGI • Now deeply integrated with the ASP.NET pipeline • Ex. run authenticating middleware during the Authenticate ASP.NET pipeline stage • Run your Web APIs on any OWIN compliant host • Katana is the Microsoft’s OWIN implementation as hosting abstraction

  11. Katana Architecture App • App – Web Application • Middleware – Frameworks: Web API, Signal R, or any custom middleware (Oauth, CORS etc) • Server – Binding to TCP Port and constructing the HTTP context for pipeline • Host – Any executable or service or IIS Middleware Server Host

  12. Katana Data Flow Host / IIS Web Application ASP.Net Web API HTTP Request Server HTTP Response

  13. Implementation • Convention over configuration • Configuration function in Startup class • usingAppFunc = Func<IDictionary<string, object>, Task>;

  14. DEMO: self and IIS hosted Web API

  15. Web API Security – OAuth2

  16. Web API Security • Security in transit • SSL is always appropriate • Securing the API Itself • Authentication and Authorization • Browser Security • Cross Origin

  17. Web API Security – Authentication and Authorization • Server to Server • API Keys and shared Secrets • User Proxy OAuth or similar • Direct User • Piggyback on existing system using Cookies or Tokens • Windows Authentication • Forms Authentication • Http based Authentications Basic , Digest, • Digital Signature based

  18. OAuth • An open protocol to allow secure authorization in a simple and standard method from web, mobile and desktop applications ~www.oauth.net • For allowing other API to act as user in your system • Accept user credential • Then trust a 3rd party with a token that represents the other API • The other API never receives the credentials

  19. OAuth2 (Implicit): The Players and Relationships Registers With • Trusted / Untrusted Client Authorizes Authorization Server Accesses Trusts Uses Owns Resource Resource Owner Resource Server

  20. OAuth2 (Implicit): Flow Image Source : MSDN

  21. DEMO: SPA and OAuth

  22. CORS

  23. CORS - Cross Origin Resource Sharing • Http Request & Response Http Request Header Origin: domain1.com http://www.domain1.com Web Server of Domain1.com Http Response Header Access-Control-Allow-Origin: domain1.com Web Server of Domain2.com

  24. CORS Http Headers • Request Headers: • Origin • Access-Control-Request-Method • Access-Control-Request-Headers • Response Headers • Access-Control-Allow-Origin • Access-Control-Allow-Methods • Access-Control-Allow-Headers • Access-Control-Allow-Credentials • Access-Control-Max-Age

  25. DEMO: CORS

  26. OData

  27. OData • The Open Data Protocol (OData) is a protocol for querying data over the web • OData protocol is a set of RESTful interactions along with an OData-defined query language based on JSON and AtomPub

  28. OData Query • $top=n: Returns only the first n entities in an entity set (or in Atom terms, the first n entries in a feed). • $skip=n: Skips the first n entities in an entity set. Using this option lets a client retrieve a series of distinct pages on subsequent requests. • $format: Determines whether data should be returned in JSON or the XML-based Atom/AtomPub format. (The default is Atom/AtomPub.) • $orderby=: Orders results, in ascending or descending order, by the value of one or more properties in those results. • $filter=: Returns only entities that match the specified expression.

  29. ASP.NET Web API OData • Components for implementing OData services • Model builders, formatters (Atom/JSON/XML), path and query parsers, LINQ expression generator, etc. • Built on ODataLib • Same underpinnings as WCF Data Services • Initially shipped with Visual Studio 2012 Update 2 • Now supports $select, $expand and $batch!

  30. DEMO: OData – Http GET $select and $expand

  31. Other ASP.Net Web API 2 Features

  32. Attribute routing • Bring your routes closer to your resources config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: “DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional} ); Controller Selector Action Selector publicIEnumerable<Resource> GetResource () { … }

  33. Attribute routing config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional}); • In App Start WebAPIConfig • Optional values • Default values • Inline constraints [HttpGet(“Demographics/{zipcode?}")] publicDemographicsGet(int? zipcode) { … } [HttpGet("Demographics/{zipcode=98052}")] publicDemographicsGet(int zipcode) { … } [HttpGet("people/{id:int}")] publicPerson Get(int id) { … } [HttpGet("people/{name:alpha}")] publicPerson Get(string name) { … }

  34. Batching Request • Batch Request Handler at the Server - System.Web.Http.Batch.DefaultHttpBatchHandler • OData Batch Request Handler at the Server - System.Web.Http.OData.Batch.DefaultODataBatchHandler • Sequential and Non sequential execution support at the Server • Enhanced Client library for creating Container of multiple Requests or Context for OData

  35. Portable ASP.NET Web API Client • No more maintaining multiple client libraries for Phone and Store App • Single portable library that can be used to consume Web APIs from Windows Phone and Windows Store apps or any other client running on .NET 4.5 • This support is built on the recently released portable HttpClient and the portable library support in Json.NET

  36. Http Response and IHttpActionResult • In Web API 1 – • Return any object and let the Web API pipeline convert that to an HttpResponseMessage • Return HttpResponseMessage constructing the Http header and body manually • In Web API 2 – • IHttpActionResult is like a factory implementation of HttpResponseMessage, provides more control over the returned HttpResponseMessage

  37. HttpRequestContext • Provides a shortcut to strongly typed access to the information which up to this point hidden inside of Request.Propertiesdictionary

  38. What’s new in ASP.NET Web API 2.1 • Global Error Handling • Attribute Routing Improvements • Help Page Improvements • IgnoreRoute Support • BSON Media-Type Formatter • Better Support for AsyncFilters • Query Parsing for the Client Formatting Library

  39. Find out more http://www.asp.net/vnext http://www.asp.net/webapi http://channel9.msdn.com Follow progress in http://aspnetwebstack.codeplex.com http://katanaproject.codeplex.com

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