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Canadian Biomass Innovation Network (CBIN)

Canadian Biomass Innovation Network (CBIN). By: Mark Stumborg, P.Eng. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Oil vs. Biomass Pricing. Funding for the Harvest Activities. The Canadian Biomass Innovation Network (CBIN). Integrated Biorefineries. NRC EC IC AAFC. Biomass Conversion.

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Canadian Biomass Innovation Network (CBIN)

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  1. Canadian Biomass Innovation Network(CBIN) By: Mark Stumborg, P.Eng. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

  2. Oil vs. Biomass Pricing

  3. Funding for the Harvest Activities The Canadian Biomass Innovation Network (CBIN) Integrated Biorefineries NRC EC IC AAFC Biomass Conversion Biomass Supply NRC NRCan AAFC NRCan AAFC Funding provided by the Climate Change Technology & Innovation Program (T&I) & Panel on Energy R&D(PERD).

  4. Technology Innovation Chain Canadian Federal Funding Context INNOVATION COMMERCIALIZATION University Grants SDTC FCM SR&ED Tax Credits TEAM T&I Biotech BDC CBIN PERD EDC IRAP TPC

  5. CBIN R&D Program Existing PERD BEST POL Bio-based Energy Systems and Technologies $ 2.7 million/yr 25+ yrs in existence Bioenergy R&D New T & I Biotechnology Program $ 20 million of R&D /4 yrs $ 10 million of demo/4 yrs GHG R&D for 2025 bioenergy, bioproducts bioprocesses

  6. Bio terminology Bioprocess Technology Renewable Bioresources • Plants • crops • trees • algae • Animals, fish • Microorganisms • Organic residues • municipal • industrial • agricultural • forestry • aquaculture Industrial Bioproducts • Bioenergy • Biofuels • Bioproducts: • bio-chemicals • bio-solvents • bio-plastics • ‘smart’ biomaterials • bio-lubricants • bio-surfactants • bio-adhesives • bio-catalysts Biocatalysis (Enzymes) Fermentation (Microorganisms) Physical - Chemical Process Technology Extraction Pyrolysis Gasification

  7. T&I Portfolio 2004-2005 $827,000 CDN invested across… P&P Mill Sludge and Hogfuel Drying Strategy jburnett@nrcan.gc.ca FCM Waste Guide (Final Phase: Dissemination) jbarclay@nrcan.gc.ca City of Toronto Waste to Energy jbarclay@nrcan.gc.ca LFG Catalyst Test (part 2) jbarclay@nrcan.gc.ca Manure Digestion jbarclay@nrcan.gc.ca Extraction, Separation and Purification Processes for Value-Added Products mazzag@agr.gc.ca ashwani.kumar@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca Novel Fractionation Process & Co-Products Related to Ethanol Production Changp@agr.gc.ca Superior Pectinase for Processing Industrial Hemp and Other Agro-Fibres wing.sung@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca Bio-Oil in Lumber Kiln Application Ed.Hogan@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca Feasibility of Using Bio-Oil in Steel Making Application Ed.Hogan@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca

  8. Feedstock Activities • Crop Residues • Purpose Grown Forestry • Forestry Residues • Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) • Biomass Inventory

  9. Straw Availability with Livestock 200000 Mt Conv. Till Cattle Allow No Exist 1 / 2 years Amounts shown are after 750 kg ha-1 have been deducted.

  10. Net Crop Residue Available 2 Million Metric Tonnes of Residues Assumptions: Current Livestock Populations Current Livestock Systems Maintenance of Cereal Acreage Existing Biomass Partitioning 25 % of Producers’ Acreage Residue Collection 1 Year in 4 10 year Average Yields

  11. GIS Mapping Detail 200000 Mt Conv. Till No Cattle No Exist 1 / 2 years

  12. BC & Alberta Surplus Wood Residue Legend 50,000 tpy 100,000 tpy 250,000 tpy 500,000 tpy BC Alta Total Mills 80 20 100 Production 7.7 1.6 9.3 mil. tpy Surplus 2.1 0.9 3.0 mil. tpy

  13. Potential Ethanol Production (ML Yr -1)

  14. Dilute Acid Process Lignin to steam boiler/ Electricity or co-products 1st Hydrolysis Lignin & Cellulose 2nd Hydrolysis Raw Material C5 sugars C6 Sugars C6 Fermentation Detoxification C5 Fermentation Alcohol Recovery Waste treatment or co-products Org. material Sugar solution for furfural or other co-products Ethanol

  15. Concentrated Acid Process Pretreatment/ Swelling Drying C6 Fermentation Ethanol recovery Acid recovery Lignin to steam boiler/electricity Raw material Conc. Acid Dilution C5 Fermentation Hydrolysis Waste treatment or Co-products Sugars & Acid Org. Material Dil. Acid Sugar/Acid Separation Sugars Ethanol

  16. Thermochemical Process Gasification Particulates & Heavies Syn Gas (H2, CO) Raw Material Heavies & Particulates Gas Clean-Up Syn Gas Syn Gas Conversion Ethanol Recovery/Separation Co-Products Ethanol

  17. Enzymatic Process Pretreatment Hydrolysis Detoxification Alcohol Recovery Enzyme Production Raw Material Cellulose & Lignin Lignin & C6 Sugars Lignin to steam boiler/ electricity or co-products C5 Sugars Delignification C6 Fermentation Sugars C5 Fermentation Waste treatment or co-products Org. Material Sugar solution for furfural or other co-products Ethanol

  18. Canadian Biodiesel Situation • Reduced CO2 emissions • Energy balance 3.2 to 1 • Reduced harmful emissions • Non-toxic and biodegradable • Market for low-grade materials

  19. Biodiesel Vision • Short Term • Biodiesel from low cost oils • Short – Medium Term • Biodiesel as a co-product of value added oilseed processing • Medium Term • Dedicated annual crop • Long Term • Dedicated perennial fuel crop

  20. Short Term: Low Cost Oils • Rendered tallow and grease • Yellow grease • Brown grease • Oil from damaged canola • Oil from treated planting seed • Tall oil from the pulping & paper industry

  21. Biodiesel Feedstock Availability Recent estimates: • 100,000+ tonnes of recycled cooking oils. • 500,000 tonnes of rendered oils from animal fats. • Oilseed crushing capacity 2.3 million tonnes. • Domestic production 800,000 + tonnes of vegetable oil. 1.5 million tonnes available for biodiesel and export markets.

  22. Biodiesel Feedstock Availability Diesel fuel consumption in Canada (2000) was 19.5 MT (23.2 BL). Impacts of a renewable fuel standard: • 0.5% - about 100,000 tonnes. • 2% - about 400,000 tonnes. • 5% - about 1 million tonnes.

  23. Maximum Potential Biodiesel Production

  24. Transesterification Technology Vegetable Oil Recycled Fats Dilute Acid Esterification Sulfuric Acid + Methanol Methanol + KOH Transesterification Crude Glycerin Crude Biodiesel Methanol Recovery Glycerine Refining Refining Glycerin Biodiesel Biodiesel

  25. Bio-diesel – Hydro-treating Biomass Oil Hydrogen Burner Gas Naptha Super Cetane Middle Distillate Distillation Column Catalytic Reactor Separator Residual Fuels

  26. Recent Activities Supporting Biofuels • Renewable Fuel Standard • Federal effort: 5% renewable content in all transportation fuels by 2010, Discussing 5% for ethanol and 2% for diesel. • Ramp up to 10% by 2020 (still under discussion). • Total gasoline ~34 BL, diesel 23 BL per year • Decision on RFS by Jan. 2007 • Federal & provincial excise tax relief • Largely being substituted by producer & blender credit system. • Concerned with US incentives and trade issues. • Ethanol expansion program • CDN $100M initiated ~ 1BL per year capacity increase. • Discussion on ethanol extension and biodiesel inclusion.

  27. Recent Activities Supporting Biofuels • Biofuel Opportunities for Producers (BOPI) • Initiated late 2006 • Fund business plan and technology access proposals to incent producer investment. • Multi-government infrastructure program • Card-lock accessible biodiesel and E85 fuel for federal, provincial, and municipal fleets. • New Multi-departmental programs • Science • Commercialization • Technology access & import • Incentive programs (capital and credits) • Industry, University, and federal science working together on strategic activities.

  28. Current Capacity • Biodiesel • 35 ML (Rothsay): Animal fats • 60 ML (BIOX): Rendered animal fats • Ethanol • EEP added ~ 1BL per year capacity • Currently have 210 ML per year (Western using wheat), 520 ML per (Eastern using corn) • Within 1 year will have additional capacity.

  29. Standards • Biodiesel: • B1 – B5 blend for retail sale using ASTM & EN standards for biodiesel blend material. • B6 – B20 blend likely not for retail but commercial & government fleets • All are blend standards and have same temperature operability and quality requirements as diesel. • Ethanol: • Standard exists for E5 – E10. • Standard requires ethanol quality and vapour pressure control. Note: Fuel standards controlled by the Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB).

  30. Thank You for Your Attention ! Questions ?

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