5 th Grade MidYear Science Review, Part 2

1. 5th Grade MidYear Science Review, Part 2

2. 5.5A Classify matter based on physical properties including mass, magnetism, physical state, relative density, solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy. Solid Liquid Gas • All our physical world is made of matter. • Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. • Matter can be classified according to its physical properties: • Magnetism (attracted to a magnet) • Physical state (solid, liquid, or gas) • Relative density (sink or float) • Solubility in water (can dissolve) • Ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy

3. Freezing Melting 5.5B Identify the boiling and freezing/melting point of water on the Celsius scale. All pure substances have their own characteristic boiling, melting and freezing points. These are characteristics of the pure substance that remain constant. • Melting point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid. • Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas. • Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid.

4. 5.5B Identify the boiling and freezing/melting point of water on the Celsius scale. The table below explains changes in state for water:

5. 5.5C Demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand. Mixture Solution • A mixture is a combination of two or more ingredients where no new substance is formed. • Solids, liquids, and gases can be combined to form mixtures. • When you create a mixture, the ingredients keep all or some of their physical properties. • A solution is a special kind of mixture where the particles of at least one ingredient spread out evenly in the other ingredient. In a solution, one ingredient can dissolve in another. The ingredients still maintain their physical properties.

6. Magnetism Trail Mix 5.5C Demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and sand. • The ingredients in a mixture can be separated out by physical methods. • There are different methods you can use to separate the ingredients in a mixture: • By hand: some mixtures, such as trail mix, can be easily separated by using fingers or tools like toothpicks. • Magnetism: if one of the ingredients is magnetic, you can use a magnet to separate the materials.

7. 5.5D Identify changes that can occur in the physical properties of the ingredients of solutions such as dissolving salt in water or adding lemon juice to water. • There are different methods you can use to separate the ingredients in a mixture: • Filter: if the ingredients have particles that are different sizes, or one ingredient is a liquid and the other is a solid, you can pour the mixture over a filter or screen. One ingredient will pass through the filter, but not the other. • Boiling/Evaporating: if the mixture has a solid dissolved in water, you can wait for the water to evaporate or boil the water. The water will change to vapor, but the solid will remain behind.

8. 5.5D Identify changes that can occur in the physical properties of the ingredients of solutions such as dissolving salt in water or adding lemon juice to water. • A solution is a special kind of mixture in which the particles in one ingredient spread out and mix evenly among the particles in the other ingredient. • For example, when sugar dissolves in water, the sugar breaks down into tiny, tiny particles. The sugar particles are so small that we cannot even see them. Those particles spread out between the water particles. It seems like the sugar disappears, but it doesn’t. We know it’s still there because the water now tastes sweet. • Sugar can be separated from the water. One way is to put a stick in a sugar-water solution. As the water evaporates, sugar particles stick to the stick. Eventually, the particles will form crystals around the stick.

9. 5.5A; 5.5B; 5.5C; 5.5D Answer questions 12-14 on the review sheet.

10. Solar energy Thermal Electrical 5.6A Explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy. Light light heat electrical heat light solar sound Energy is all around us. You see energy as light; you feel energy as heat; you use electrical energy; you see and feel the heat and light from solar energy; you hear energy as sound. Energy is the ability to do work or cause changes in matter.

11. 5.6B Demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound. • Electricity is a form of energy made by fast-moving particles. • Electricity flows through materials called conductors. Most metals are good conductors of electricity.

12. 5.6B Demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound. Electricity flows along a path of conductors called a circuit. Electricity can only flow if it is a complete circuit—a continuous path for the particles to move through.

13. 5.6B Demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits requires a complete path through which an electric current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound. • Heat • Light • Sound • Magnetic effects Electrical circuits can produce:

14. 5.6C Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line and can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or other shiny surfaces and refracted such as the appearance of an object when observed through water. • What happens when light strikes clear glass? Or waxed paper? Or a book? • Light is transmitted, or passed through clear, transparent objects. • Light is absorbed by opaque objects. The light is blocked and a dark shadow is cast. • Some light—but not all—passes through translucent objects.

15. 5.6C Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line and can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or other shiny surfaces and refracted such as the appearance of an object when observed through water. • When light strikes a smooth, shiny surface, it can be reflected, or bounced back. reflected Tinted Window Smooth Water

16. 5.6C Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line and can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or other shiny surfaces and refracted such as the appearance of an object when observed through water. • When light passes from one medium to another, it can be refracted, or bent. refracted

17. 3.6B Demonstrate and observe how position and motion can be changed by pushing and pulling objects to show work being done such as swings, balls, pulleys, and wagons. What is motion???? Motion is a change in the position of an object.

18. 3.6B Demonstrate and observe how position and motion can be changed by pushing and pulling objects to show work being done such as swings, balls, pulleys, and wagons. A moving object can change: • Position • Direction

19. 3.6B Demonstrate and observe how position and motion can be changed by pushing and pulling objects to show work being done such as swings, balls, pulleys, and wagons. Forces that affect the movement of objects: • Gravity • Friction • A push or a pull

20. 5.6D Design an experiment that tests the effect of force on an object. A force can be a push or a pull. A force must be applied to make an object move. Gravity is a force that pulls objects down towards the Earth. Forces can make objects move in many ways.

21. 5.6A, 5.6B, 5.6C, 5.6D; 3.6B Answer questions 15-20 on the review sheet.