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Present Status and Trends in Electric Vehicle Propulsion Te

Present Status and Trends in Electric Vehicle Propulsion Technologies

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Present Status and Trends in Electric Vehicle Propulsion Te

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  1. Present Status and Trends in Electric Vehicle Propulsion Technologies Yodbel Alberto Jiménez García • UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA

  2. CONTENT • Introduction. • Electric motor • Powerelectronicssystem • Energystoragesystem • Batterycharging • Conclusions

  3. Introduction

  4. Introduction

  5. ELECTRIC MOTOR Electric motor converts the energy supplied by the battery into mechanical energy to provide traction power to the wheels. It is the motor with the controller that determines the characteristics of the propulsion system and the ratings of the power devices in the power converter. The main requirements for propulsion motor are ruggedness, high torque to inertia ratio, high torque density, wide speed range, low noise, little or no maintenance, small size, ease of control, and low cost. Several types of electric machine technologies have been investigated for automotive propulsion.

  6. ELECTRIC MOTOR Induction Motors SwitchedReluctanceMotors The induction motors have been used in several types of electric vehicles in the past including the General Motors EV1, with reasonably good performance Is essentially a synchronous machine operating from inverter driven square wave unipolar currents. Torque is created by rotor saliency and pulsed currents. The magnetic and electric independence of the machine phases and absence of permanent magnets provide fault tolerance and also improve reliability. The mechanical integrity of the rotor permits high speed and high power density operation.

  7. ELECTRIC MOTOR SynchronousReluctanceMotors (SynRM) PM-assistReluctanceMotors (SynRM) Synchronounsreluctance motor technology combines thebenefits of inductionmotors and permanentmagnetmotors, and itoperates al synchronousspeed. Severalresearchershaveinvestigatedthe use of adding a smallamount of permanentmagnetstothesynchronousreluctance rotor toachievehigherpower factor

  8. POWER ELECTRONICS SYSTEM

  9. ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM Electric vehicle use has been limited due to a restricted range, increased recharging time, and cost, These three aspects are closely related to the energy storage system, The main considerations in the selection of battery for EV application are: Power density, energy density, weight, volume, cycle life and cost.

  10. BATTERY CHARGING

  11. Conclusions • The advancement of propulsion system technology of electric vehicles will be focused on five areas: (1) vehicle range (2) vehicle cost (3) battery pack replacement cost (4) battery pack life, and (5) quick and easy recharging. Except for vehicle cost, most propulsion system development work will be on battery systems. • There will be more emphasis on the propulsion motors without the permanent magnets. Although the future emphasis will be on non-rare-earth based motors such as induction, switched reluctance, and synchronous reluctance motors, the interior PM motor will continued to be used in the near future.

  12. Bibliography 1) K. Rajashekara, “ History of Electric vehicles in General Motors, “ IEEE Trans. On Industry Applications, Vol. 30, July/August1994, PP. 897-904 2) C.C. Chan, “ Present status and future trends of electric vehicles,” IEE 2nd International conference in Power System Control, Operation, and Management, December 1993, Hong Kong

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