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Peranan ICT Dalam Pengelolaan Wilayah Rawan Bencana Untuk Antisipasi Dan Kesiapsiagaan

Peranan ICT Dalam Pengelolaan Wilayah Rawan Bencana Untuk Antisipasi Dan Kesiapsiagaan. KELOMPOK II Abdul Rahmat Tuti Seniwati Edi Purnomo Indrawati Muhammad Amir Nurlaela Umar. MAKASSAR, 20 APRIL 2011. POKOK BAHASAN. PENDAHULUAN DISASTER WARNING SYSTEMS

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Peranan ICT Dalam Pengelolaan Wilayah Rawan Bencana Untuk Antisipasi Dan Kesiapsiagaan

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  1. Peranan ICT DalamPengelolaanWilayah RawanBencanaUntukAntisipasiDan Kesiapsiagaan KELOMPOK II Abdul Rahmat TutiSeniwati Edi Purnomo Indrawati Muhammad Amir NurlaelaUmar MAKASSAR, 20APRIL 2011

  2. POKOK BAHASAN • PENDAHULUAN • DISASTER WARNING SYSTEMS • GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM(GIS) • MANAJEMEN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI

  3. PENDAHULUAN • Teknologiinformasi (TI) merupakansebuahaplikasi yang dapatkitagunakanuntukmembantudidalamberbagaimasalahterutamaBencanaAlam. • Prosedurpenangananbencanasaatinibanyak yang tidakefektifataubahkansalahsasaransemuaitudisebabkaninformasi yang terlambatmasukterlebihtidakakurat

  4. Cont… • Peran ICT padapermasalahaninisangatpentingdanmenjadisarana yang vital untukmembantudalamprosespengambilankeputusan • TeknologiInformasitidakmampumencegahterjadinyabencananamundenganteknologiinformasikitadapatmeminimalkansegalabentukkerugian, korbanjiwa, danmemberikantindakan-tindakan yang efektifdanefisien

  5. DISASTER WARNING SYSTEMS • A warning can be defined as the communication of information about a hazard or threat to apopulation at risk, in order for them to take appropriate actions to mitigate any potentially negative impacts on themselves, those in their care and their property (Samarajiva et al., 2005).

  6. Cont… • Early warning system merupakansubsistemawaldalamkegiatankesiapsiagaan, agar masyarakandanjajarankesehatandiprovinsidankabupaten/kotaterutamapadadaerahpotensibencanadapatlebihmempersiapkandirimenghadapikemungkinanterjadinyabencana • SistemPeringatanDiniadalah system (rangkaianproses) pengumpulandananalisis data sertadesiminasiinformasitentangkeadaandaruratataukedaruratan.

  7. The goal of early warning system • Meningkatnyakualitasinformasisecaralintas program danlintassektordalampenanggulanganbencana. • Meningkatnya pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap adanya ancamandanbahaya. • MeningkatnyaperansertalembagaSwadayaMasyarakat (LSM)/Non Government Organization (NGO’s)

  8. Cont… • The goal of early public warning is to ensure to the greatest extent possible that the hazard does not become a disaster. Such warnings must be unambiguous, communicate the risks succinctly and provide necessary guidance

  9. Cont… It is important to note that disaster warning is indeed a system : • not a singular technology, constituting the identification, detection and risk assessment of the hazard, the accurate identification of the vulnerability of a population at risk • finally, the communication of information about the threat to the vulnerable population in sufficient time and clarity so that they can take action to avert negative consequences

  10. Key Players in Disaster Warning • Communities • Local governments • National governments • Regional institutions and organizations • International bodies • Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) • The private sector • The media • The scientific community

  11. KERANGKA KERJA KONSEPTUAL SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI

  12. DETERMINANT KONSEPTUAL EFEKTIFITASSISTEM PERINGATAN DINI ?? Tepatsasaran ?? TepatWaktu ?? Jelas Dan Dimengerti ?? Penyampaian - Alternatif - Metode • SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI • PerencanaanPrabencana

  13. Channels Used for Disaster Warning • Radio and Television • Telephone (Fixed and Mobile) • Short Message Service • Cell Broadcasting • Satellite Radio • Internet/Email • Sirens

  14. Japanese Examples for Disaster Communications

  15. Tabe 2: Radio Communication Media Used in Disaster Warning and ManagementTable 3: Comparison of Different Communication Channels Used in Disaster Warning

  16. TAHAP ALUR INFORMASI PADA SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI • SumberInformasi • PeringatanDini : - sumberbiasa - sumberkhusus • Penyebarluasan : - penyuluhan - telepon/telex/fax - radio/TV • PenerimadanPencatatan - pusatinformasi • Peragaan/ekspose/display : - peta - papanpraga - proyeksi visual • Penilaian : - individu - Tim – seminar/pertemuan • Pembuatkeputusan : - Penguasa - Pelaksana • Kegiatan : - statis - Dinamis

  17. LANGKAH – LANGKAH DALAM EARLY WARNING SYSTEM • TahapPersiapan (PenilaianResiko) • Pengumpulan data • Analisa data • Peragaan/Display Pemetaandaerahpotensi • Diseminasiinformasi

  18. Cont… • Pelaksanaanperingatandini • Penerimaaninformasi • Diseminasiinformasi (sudahada hazard). Penyebarluasaninformasitentangadanyaancamanbencana • Penerimaandanpencatatan • Penilaian/analisis • Penetapanperingatandini

  19. Cont… Pelaksanaan Tindak Lanjut (rencana kontijensi) • Tindaklanjutpenggunaaninformasiperingatandiniadalahuntukmenyusunrencanakontijensi. • Aspek–aspek yang perludipertimbangkandalammelakukanrencanatindaklanjutadalah • Tahapprabencana • Berdasarkanscenario yang ditetapkan • Keterlibatanmitrakerja • Fokusperencanaanberdasarkanpengembangan scenario • Jadwalwaktu yang mengambang (tidaktetap)

  20. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM(GIS) • GIS can be defined as a system of hardware and software used for storage, retrieval, mapping and analysis of geographic data

  21. The use of GIS in different phases in disaster • Planning • Mitigation • Preparedness

  22. PLANNING • Locating and identifying potential problems is a core requirement in disaster management. • Using a GIS, it is possible to pinpoint hazard trends and start to evaluate the consequences of potential emergencies or disasters

  23. MITIGATION • After potential emergency situations are identified, mitigation needs can be addressed • This process involves analysing the developments in the immediate aftermath of a disaster, evaluating the damage and determining what facilities are required to be reinforced for construction or relocation purposes

  24. Cont… • Mitigation may also include implementing legislation that prevents building structures in areas prone to earthquake, flood or tsunami

  25. Preparedness • During the preparedness and response phases, GIS can accurately support better response planning in areas such as determining evacuation routes or locating vulnerable infrastructure and vital lifelines, etc. • It also supports logistical planning to be able to provide relief supplies by displaying previously available information on roads, bridges, airports, railway and port conditions and limitations

  26. ManajemenTeknologiInformasi • Merupakantatakelolamanajerial yang menggunakanperangkatteknologiinformasidalamprosesnya

  27. Apacirikhasmanajementeknologiinformasi: • Terkoneksi • Serbacepat • Terintegrasi

  28. Bagaimanaperanmanajementeknologiinformasiberkaitanbencana • Deteksidini/early warning system • Pemetaan. • Koordinasi.

  29. TERIMAKSIH ?

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