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Standards

Standards. SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies before 1800 CE. a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to settled agriculture.

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Standards

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  1. Standards • SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies before 1800 CE. • a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to settled agriculture. • e. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of resources played in the development of trans-Saharan trading networks.

  2. History of People in Africa A Very Short Introduction

  3. Western Desert of Egypt • 8000 BC • Domesticated cattle • 7000BC • Domestication of wheat • storage of grains • 6000 BC • Storage pits • 5000 BC • Domestication of sheep and goats • Food storage = social hierarchy

  4. Migration • Why migrate? • Overpopulation • Ecological necessity • Violence • Frequency • Intermittent and incremental • Absorbs local populations • Spreads: • Cultures • Languages • Religions • technologies

  5. Causes of MigrationPush Factors • Environmental: • Climate changes • exhausted resources • Natural Disasters • earthquakes; volcanoes; drought; famine • Economic: • Unemployment • slavery • Lack of available land • War

  6. Causes of MigrationPull Factors • Environmental • More space • Resources • climate • Economic: • Land Ownership • Job opportunities • Politics • Religion

  7. Bantu Migrations • From the savanna • Nomadic herders • slash-and-burn farming • S&B = soil depletion • Need knew land every few years

  8. Bantu Migrations • Bantu means “the people” • Started migrating south & east around 3,000 B.C. • Shared skills • learned new customs • adapted to environment

  9. Effects of Bantu Migrations • drove out some inhabitants, intermixed with others • produced a great variety of cultures • Language helped unify the continent • Swahili most common language today

  10. Effects of Bantu Migrations • Technology • ironworking • bronze, copper & iron tools/weapons • Superior weapons • Excellent tools • social & political organization

  11. Innovations & Technologies • New crops • Ie: Banana, via Madagascar, native to south Asia •  More efficient food production • More & better nourished people • Agriculture takes space…with Population increase, need to spread out on more land.

  12. Summary • 4000 BCE to 400 CE in Africa & Eurasia, & earlier in Oceania. • Migration  spread & mingling of cultures: • Technologies • Religions • Governments • People! • Why migrate? • How do we know? • Languages! • DNA • Material Culture (artifacts) • Effect on World History? Photo: Division of India & Pakistan  sudden mass migration – largest in modern history.

  13. Standards • SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies before 1800 CE. • a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to settled agriculture. • e. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of resources played in the development of trans-Saharan trading networks. • List 5 facts which will help you remember this lesson:

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