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QLC Chain The Public Chain for Telecom Services

QLC Chain The Public Chain for Telecom Services. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019. Introduction. Project Background Trusted Network proposed by QLC Chain Vision of QLC Chain Business Uses and Partners Global SMS clearance Team. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019.

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QLC Chain The Public Chain for Telecom Services

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  1. QLC Chain The Public Chain for Telecom Services Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  2. Introduction • Project Background • Trusted Network proposed by QLC Chain • Vision of QLC Chain • Business Uses and Partners • Global SMS clearance • Team Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  3. 5G, going live soon, will serve consumers, enterprises and take the internet of things to the next level. Secureandtrustedtelecomenvironmentisthefoundation _1000x Mobile Data Volume_ _10x - 100x Connected Devices_ 5G 4G _5x Lower Latency_ 3G 2G _10x-100x End-user Data Rates_ _10x Battery life for low-power devices_ Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  4. Projectbriefing • 12monthsoldfromApril2018whenproject • 24~34personsdeveloperteam • 2.1millionUStotalcapitalinvestment Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  5. What is QLC Chain - The Public Blockchain of Telecom Service WhatisTelecomPublicChain? 1.Deepintegrationoftelecomcapabilitiesonthepublicchain 2.Buildatrustedenvironmentfortelecombilling,securityandaddressing 3.Supporttheintegrationoftransmissionnetwork,contentnetworkandvaluenetwork QLC Chain’s mission is to create a secured and trusted environment for telecom servicesand to narrow down thedigital divide by leveraging DLT. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  6. Current Centralized Operating Model Areas CurrentSolutions Inter-carrier clearance Third-party clear house Service offered& Billing Centralized BSS User ID SIM card or IMEI Network Addressing IPv4/IPv6 Ourproposal Blockchain based inter-carrier clearance Blockchain based OSS/BSS UsertogenerateIDbythemselves SupportIPV6protocolP2Paddressing Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  7. QLC Chain to Build #Trusted and #SecuredBlockchain Frameworkfor 5G operation with thefollowing components QLC Chain based Solution Blockchain infrastructure for BSS/OSS Inter-carrierClearance Identity Management IPv6Support Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  8. Billing in OSS/BSS Current solution Centralized OSS/BSS by operators Limited product offerings; Lack of publicity and transparency of the transaction ledgers. Ledgers are owned and held by operators. Absence of nitty-gritty of the consumption records. QLC Chain based solution Diversified and customized data package service offerings. Complete transparency to all,native function of blockchain as the public ledgers for transactions. All transactions are traceable. User Monthly Subscription VideoConference News DataPackage MusicData Enters Smart Contract Service offers Broadcast on Blockchain User Solution #1 Decentralized billing Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  9. Current reality Service provided by operators in visited country has to bill through operators in home country. Unable to charge at real-time or in adirect manner. Middlemen act like clearing houses. Result of $38 billion1 fraud cost annually. 1Communications Fraud Control Association (CFCA) 2015 Global Fraud Loss Survey QLC Chain based solution Cost savings from eliminating the third-party clearing house. Automatic triggering of roaming contract based on call/event data which reduction charging time and reduction in telecom fraud. Repository of verifiable transactions between operators, allowing for quick dispute resolution. HPMN Node 2 Pay for Service CDR DataClearing House VPMN HPMN CDR HomeTower User HomeTower User Roaming Pact Pay for Service Roaming PactSmart Contract CDR - broadcast on Blockchain - triggers contract HPMNNode 2 HPMNNode n VPMNNode n VPMNNode 2 HomeTower User VisitorTower User VPMN Node 2 Solution #2 Inter-carrier Billing & Clearance Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  10. Telecom Virtual ID stored on the Blockchain Virtual identity created Private Key User Public Key Safely stored on eSIM 2 App is connected to Blockchain 5 Challenge solved using Private KeyHence, authenticated Partner New User 1 Opens CSP provided ID app on phone 4 Virtual identity info sent to Partner application 3 Encrypted challenge sent to verify authenticy CSP Solution #3 Identity Management Current solution • Operators collect user's personal information for account registration. • Operators have the key generated, encrypted, stored and have access to all users' accounts. QLC Chain • IssueSIMCardprivatekeyonBlockchainandintegratewithWALLETfunction.AlsosupportRCSpayment • UtilizeBlockchaintoaccomplishvariousterminals’networkaccessauthentication Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  11. Solution #4 Improve p2p performance based on IPv6 Step 1: When a new p2p neighbor node A wants to join the QLC chord network, it first query to learn if there are living nodes in the network that share address prefix with it. The result of this query contains a set of nodes with the same address prefix: Same Prefix Node Information Set (SPNIS). If the result set is null, then jump to step 3. Step 2: Node A selects a node B as its bootstrap node to join a local QLC Chord from the returned SPNIS, so as to join the system. Step 3: Node A joins the system and update his localFinger and globalFinger table through the bootstrap mechanism of the original Chord mechanism. Step 4: Node A publishes his IPv6 address information to the system through Insert (IPv6Address, LengthOfPrefix) operation. Consequently, node S that is responsible for storing the identifier of hash (IPv6AddreePrefix) needs to update the SPNIS, with the node A’s information added. Here the join procedure is finished. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  12. Business Use GlobalSMSbillingandclearance Current Challenge of Global SMS Interoperation Not like financial industrial, which banks plays clearing roles; In SMS industry, there is no specific role for clearance. The transparency and trustworthiness of agreements made between service providers, telcos, and other related parties have been core pain points of the global SMS business model. Current challenge • SMS or Application to Person (A2P) market is growing steadily, expected to grow to US $60.55 billion by 2025. • The market is inefficient at this moment. SPs play as middleman connecting clients and telcos to clear & bill SMS usages, usually the connection are redundant, resulting wide range of pricing. • The quality of service cannot be guaranteed. It’s very difficult for clients to verify if SMSs have successfully delivered, resulting business fraud on service. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  13. Business Use BlockchainSolution Implemented by QLC Chain Blockchain can eliminate the redundancy of overlay SPs with other SPs and Telcos, confirm the completion of SMS delivery, free-bid the offer in the market, improving the trustworthiness and efficiency of market. Enterprise1 Enterprise2 QLC Chain’s solution • QLC Chain uses blocklattice structure, a scalable structure, This new design lets Nano run 7000 Transactions Per Second (TPS) while supporting 500,000 users. • QLC designed workflow specifically for global SMS A2P operation.SPs/Aggregators can be connected as nodes to verify transactions broadcasted on the network. The SMS usage triggers the smart contract. • Shortening the time difference between payment and service completion, alleviating risk of paid but failed transactions. Market place SP2 TC1 TC3 TC2 SP1 Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  14. Business Use Process of SMS service through QLC Chain Working process for smart contract enabled SMS purchase agreements: • An SMS purchase agreement is agreed upon between “Service Provider A” and “Service Provider B,” and a joint smart contract-SMS purchase contract is issued. • “Service Provider A” calls the “SMS purchase contract” to generate the Send Block under the “Service Provider A” account, which contains the transaction amount and the SMPP request information. Afterwards, nodes in the QLC Chain network will verify the validity of the transaction, and the “SMS purchase contract” calls the “SendSMS” external interface. • “Service Provider B” determines that the short message has been sent successfully, and calls on the “SMS Purchase Contract” to generate the “Receive Block” under the “Service Provider B” account. Wihin the “Receive Block” is a certificate that validates the the successful contract, and all nodes will verify the validity of the transaction. At this point, the sending of the short message and the corresponding transaction process are completed. • The public chain platform will provide Oracle capability to support the above process. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  15. Business Use Inter-carrier Clearance Companies like Syniverse, called ”SPs”, as intermediary connecting carries, provide private SMS clearance and settlement service for global carriers. QLC Chain provide instantly delivery, transparent progress record, traceable and auditable ledger, flexible billing. • QLC Chain implements every pair of operators which have SMS agreement. • Designated nodes from both operators act as miners to verify the sanctity of each transaction broadcasted on the network. • The roaming agreement is implemented between home carrier and visiting carrier as a smart contract that is triggered when a transaction containing the SMS offer is broadcasted on QLC Chain. • Every time a subscriber send a message through visiting network, the home nodes broadcasts the SMS transaction information as a transaction to the visiting nodes. • This data triggers the smart contract and the terms of the agreement are executed. • The home nodes can thus automatically calculate the billing amount based on the services rendered and send this information back to the visiting nodes. • This helps instantaneous and verified authorization as well as settlement to occur in line with QLC Chain-based smart contract terms. • SPs can also do away with the clearing house acting as middleman, resulting in further cost savings and improvement of accuracy. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  16. BusinessValuePrevent financial fraud • If you have submitted your name, phone number, credit card, or payment details to an online service provider for purchasing tickets, subscribing services, registering membership, there is a large chance you could be targeted by phishing scams. Your personal information could either be sold by the unethical database provider or hacked by malicious attackers. • After accessing - your contact details, the fraudsters pretend they are from a genuine company, a mobile network operator or a bank in order to steal your assets by sending bait messages. ThegraphicbelowshowshowcanQLCChainplatformcanassist in preventing scams. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  17. A map of QLC Chain’s global footprint with all team members’ pictures Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  18. Key Management Allen Li Chris Zhao Dan Kolkowitz CEO Senior R&D Team Leader Architect Serial entrepreneur backed by Alibaba, Pine VC, Singapore Chiangi Airport Group. 7 years in Huawei and 5 years in blockchain. Seasoned entrepreneurs founded five start-ups in Silicon Valley. B.S. from Standford University. Developer with more than 10 years experience in Telecom industry. M.S. degree from HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology. Susan Zhou Owen Wang Toya Zhang COO Senior Product Team Leader PR Director Over 10 years experience in Financial service, across different roles of investment banking; She holds MBA degree from HKU. Founding member of QLC team, PR veteran cross Chinese/English speaking regions. Serial entrepreneur with over 15 years developing and project development experience. Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

  19. Thanks Private and Confidential - QLC Chain Ltd 2019

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