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Muslims in World Civilization

Muslims in World Civilization. Optics Mathematics Medicine Literature Arts Games. Cities Scholarship Zoology Astronomy Irrigation Geography. Topics. Cities & Architecture. Baghdad: center of trade & learning Cairo: university Cordoba: largest city in the west

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Muslims in World Civilization

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  1. Muslims in World Civilization

  2. Optics Mathematics Medicine Literature Arts Games Cities Scholarship Zoology Astronomy Irrigation Geography Topics

  3. Cities & Architecture • Baghdad: center of trade & learning • Cairo: university • Cordoba: largest city in the west • Mosques: place of worship

  4. Scholarship & Learning • Schools & libraries • House of Wisdom • Translated Greek books into Arabic • Philosophy & religion compared reason & revelation

  5. Zoology • Dissection & anatomy of animals • Al-Jahiz: animals adapt to their environment (evolution) • Al-Damiri: encyclopedia • Zoos

  6. Astronomy • Mapped the stars • Improved the astrolabe • Rotation of the earth • Sun-centered universe

  7. Irrigation Technology • Underground well • Underground aqueduct • Waterwheel to pump water

  8. Map making Travel writing Calculated the circumference of the earth Al-Biruni used latitude & longitude to measure the earth. He theorized that the earth spins on its axis. Geography

  9. Mirrors for reflection & refraction Structure of the eye Eye surgery Early lenses Al-Haitham built a pinhole camera to model the eye. Optics

  10. Mathematics Al-Kwarizmi: • Zero • Arabic (Indian) numbers • Long division • Algebra Al-Battani: • Trig: ratios of triangles Al-Kwarizmi

  11. Medicine • Hospitals • Medical textbooks • Studied diseases • Surgery • Stitches • Casts • Pharmacies: • Antiseptics • Anesthesia Al-Razi: “Allah has provided a cure for every disease.”

  12. Some Famous Doctors • Al-Razi studied how disease is spread by contact. • Al-Zahrawi invented surgical instruments. • Ibn Sina wrote The Canon of Medicine.

  13. Literature • Paper making • Book making • Poetry by Khayyam, Rumi • Metaphor and imagery • Stories

  14. Arts • Geometric patterns • Arabesque florals • Calligraphy • Fine textiles • Guitar

  15. Games • Chess • Backgammon • Polo

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