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Layers of the Earth Notes

Density and layers of the Earth Promethean. Layers of the Earth Notes. Warm Up September 7. Density and layers of the Earth Promethean Describe the densities of the objects below (use the terms density, mass, and volume in your explanation). How is mass and volume related to density?

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Layers of the Earth Notes

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  1. Density and layers of the Earth Promethean Layers of the Earth Notes

  2. Warm Up September 7 Density and layers of the Earth Promethean • Describe the densities of the objects below (use the terms density, mass, and volume in your explanation). • How is mass and volume related to density? • How did density play a role in the formation of the Earth? Essential Question: -What layers of the earth include the asthenosphere and how does it affect the lithosphere? Objective: 8.E.2.1 -TSW understand how the Earth is made up of several layers.

  3. 1. Compare Earth’s layers to a hard boiled egg. Draw an illustration and label where the core, mantle and crust would be located. Do not write these questions. 2. How are the layers of an egg different from the layers of the Earth? 3. How are the layers of the Earth similar to the layers of an egg? Warm Up page 7 September 8 Essential Question: What are the layers of the Earth? How does the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere? Objectives: TSWU how the Earth is made of different layers. TSWU how tectonic forces are influenced by the asthenosphere.

  4. 1. Describe the following layers: -Lithosphere -Asthenosphere 2. Include descriptions and pictures. Warm Up September 13 Essential Question: What are the layers of the Earth? How does the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere? Objectives: TSWU how the Earth is made of different layers. TSWU how tectonic forces are influenced by the asthenosphere.

  5. Warm Up September 15, 2016 • How does the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere? • What is a plate tectonic? • What are three ways in which plate tectonics can move? Essential Question: -How does the movement of plate tectonics affect the Earth’s surface? Objectives: 8.E.2.1 / 2.2 -TSW explore plate boundaries to understand how plate tectonic movement affects Earth’s surface.

  6. Warm Up September 16, 2016 1. The Lithosphere is part of which two layers? 2. What are three evidences that the Earth’s tectonic plates are moving? 3. Identify the types of plate tectonic boundaries: a) crust is created b) crust is destroyed c) crust is neither created or destroyed Objectives: 8.E.2.0 -TSWBAT identify several evidences to support the theory of continental drift. Essential Question: -What evidence did Alfred Wegener use to support his theory of continental drift?

  7. Warm Up September 19 • What is uniformitarianism ? • How is a sponge floating on boiling water similar to the lithosphere and asthenosphere. Objectives: 8.E.2.0 -TSW examine clues to Earth’s past to determine how the continents looked 220 million years ago. -TSW understand the theory of plate tectonics. Essential Question: -What evidence did Alfred Wegener use to support his theory of continental drift?

  8. Density of Water Compared to other Things (g/cm3)   Air 0.0013 Feathers 0.0025 Wood(Oak) 0.6 - 0.9 Ice  0.92  Water  1.00 Bricks  1.84 Aluminum  2.70 Steel  7.80 Silver  10.50 Gold  19.30 

  9. Objective • TSW explore different types of plate boundaries by completing the snack tectonics lab. • TSW understand how plate movement affects the Earth and its residence.

  10. What are plates? How do plates interact? What is the Earth made of? Plate Tectonicsand Continental Drift

  11. How did the Earth form? Estimated Earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago Big Bang- materials collide Impact, gravity, radioactive decay produce extreme heat Density- float or sink? *How did the other planets form?

  12. What is Earth made of? Inner core- ball of hot solid metal Dense solid metals such as nickel and iron Solid do to the immense pressure!! 7000-8000°C 2400km thick (dia.)

  13. Outer Core Made of liquid metal Mostly dense liquid metals such as nickel and iron Temp. and press. lower than inner core 4400-6100°C 2300km thick

  14. Mantle Thickest layer (2900 km) Hot rock (less dense than core) Made up of silicon, iron, magnesium, aluminum, oxygen, and other minerals. 870-4400°C Upper part is cool and rigid, lower part is like paste

  15. Crust Thin layer of cool rock Mostly made up of silicon and aluminum but also has other minerals like nickel and iron. 6-70km thick Oceanic and Continental

  16. Lithosphere and Asthenospherelitho- “stone or rock”asthenes- “weak” (soft)

  17. Lithosphere* - A rigid layer of cooler rock in the crust and upper mantle Asthenosphere* - A layer of hotter, softer rock in the upper mantle. Crust Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mantle

  18. Convection in the Asthenosphere • Convection is the energy transfer by the movement of materials. • Convection occurs when warm/hot liquids and gases rise and cooler liquids and gases sink. • Convection occurs in liquids and gasses only. Not solids. • Convection occurs in the asthenosphere where hotter liquid rock rises and cooler liquid rock sinks. • DQ: How does convection in the asthenosphere affect the lithosphere?

  19. Video • Discovery Education • “The Earth’s Structure” • 3:27

  20. Video • Discovery Education • “Elements of Earth Science: The Planet Earth”

  21. Notebook Page 9 Continental Drift

  22. Continental Drift • Late 1800’s Alfred Wegner proposed the idea of continental drift • (What is drift? Cars)

  23. Evidence?Wegener used 4 evidences. • Pangaea • Fossils- same reptile found in South America and western Africa • Climate- tropical plant fossils found in Greenland • Geology- same rock types found on different continents • Sea-floor spreading

  24. 3 Evidences of Continental Drift from the Sea floor. • Scientists can determine that the sea floor is spreading at the spreading center (divergent boundaries in the ocean) • Age of the sea floor is younger near a mid ocean ridge and older near a trench. • Scientists have found that rock is being destroyed at ocean trenches (subduction zones). Discussion point: If the sea floor has been spreading for millions of years, why is the Earth not getting any larger?

  25. Plate Tectonics Activity Draw Earth’s layers (litho, mantle astheno, inner & outer core) DRAW a pic of WEGENER Here

  26. Plate Tectonics Activity Draw Earth’s layers (crust, litho, mantle astheno, inner & outer core)

  27. Literacy Activity: Vocab Webs • As a group, read the Discovery Education article, “Getting to Know: Evidence for Plate Tectonics.” • Create a vocabulary web for each of the 8 science words on the next page. • Identify 2 additional science concepts from the article that we have discussed in class and create a vocab web for each.

  28. Literacy Activity: Vocab Web 3. Vocabulary Webs - Found in packets 4. Vocabulary Words (8) -Earthquakes -Plate Tectonic Theory -Lithosphere -Mantle -Inner Core -Outer Core -Tectonic Plates -Subduction Zones 5. Find 2 additional Science concepts that we talked about in class and create a vocab web for each. (total of 10 vocabulary webs) 6. Staple all vocab webs together when finished.

  29. Terminology Review 1.1-1.2 • Layers of Earth • Tectonic plates • Continental drift • Pangaea • Mid-ocean ridge • Convection • Magnetic Reversal

  30. Can you see the individual tectonic plates?

  31. Geologists have mapped all of the Earth’s plates.

  32. Recap - PLATES move 4 ways!

  33. Can you identify a divergent boundary?Can you identify a convergent boundary?Do you see where a transform boundary is located?

  34. OCEAN & CONTINENTAL PLATES COLLIDE

  35. The “ring of fire” is the Pacific plate pushing under other continents crusts(SUBDUCTION ZONES) JUST LOOK AT ALL THE VOLCANOES!

  36. Wegener’s Pangaea Puzzle • Label each land mass (look on whiteboard) • Color code your puzzle pieces using the key • Cut out puzzle pieces • Glue your Pangaea puzzle on your construction paper (check your work first) • Finish the crossword puzzle • Answer the essay question and attach it to your work: Write a ½ - 1 page argumentative essay on whether the evidence provided by Alfred Wegener was compelling and conclusive enough for scientific acceptance of the Theory of Continental Drift. *****Be thorough and provide examples****

  37. Pangaea Reflection • What is Alfred Wegner’s theory? • List all of the evidences that Wegner collected to support his theory. Provide at least three (but there are more). • Which evidence did Wegner not use to support his theory? Why? • How did you piece together the map? Why did you make the decision to put certain land masses together? • According to the data, the land masses must have moved. How long do you think this took? What does this say about the future of our tectonic plates?

  38. Objective • TSW complete the plate tectonics post quiz and prepare for the chapter 1 assessment. • TSW watch Bill Nye’s Greatest Discoveries “Magnetic Reversal” to understand the evidence that supports the idea of polar shift.

  39. Warm Up September 16 • Name two pieces of evidence that support the theory of plate tectonics. • The lithosphere is made up of which 2 Earth layers?

  40. Warm Up September 20 • What are hot spots? • How are hot spots used to track plate movement?

  41. Objective • TSW complete chapter 1 A “Plate Tectonics” assessment. • TSW complete chapter 2B visual Vocabulary assignment.

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